oracle约束

1、主键约束
create table person(
	pid number(10) primary key,
	name varchar2(10),
	gender number(1) default 1,
        birthday date
);  系统帮我们指定主键名字		
create table person(
    pid number(10),
    gender number(1) default 1,
    birthday date,
    constraint person_pk_pid primary key(pid)
); 自己指定主键名字
2、非空约束

create table person(
    pid number(10) not null,
    name varchar2(10) not null,
    gender number(1),
    birthday date,
);
3、唯一约束

create table person(
    pid number(10) ,
    name varchar2(10) unique,
    gender number(1) ,
    birthday date
);
create table person(
    pid number(10) ,
    name varchar2(10),
    gender number(1) ,
    birthday date,
    constraint person_name_uk unique(name)
);自定义唯一约束
4、检查约束
使用检查约束可以来约束字段值的合法范围。
范例：创建一张表性别只能是 1 或 2
create table person(
	pid number(10) ,
	name varchar2(10),
	gender number(1) check(gender in (1, 2)),
	birthday date
);
create table person(
    pid number(10) ,
    name varchar2(10),
    gender number(1),
    birthday date,
    constraint person_gender_ck check(gender in (1,2))
);自定义检查约束

5、外键约束

create table orders(
	order_id number(10) ,
	total_price number(10,2),
	order_time date,
	constraint orders_order_id_pk primary key(order_id)
);
create table order_detail(
	detail_id number(10) ,
	order_id number(10),
	item_name varchar2(10),
	quantity number(10),
	constraint order_detail_detail_id_pk primary key(detail_id),
	constraint order_detail_order_id_fk foreign key(order_id) references orders(order_id)
);
级联删除：constraint order_detail_order_id_fk foreign key(order_id)
references orders(order_id) on delete cascade