struts2初识拦截器

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-18 17:57:27 发布

chici7332

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-18 17:57:27 发布

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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3848699/blog/2208626

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简介

struts2拦截器是在访问某个action方法，字段之前或者之后进行拦截
struts2拦截器是可以拔插的
struts2拦截器是AOP的一种实现

例子

<body>
<form action="user" method="post">
	用户名：<input type="text" name="user.userName"/>
	密码：<input type="text" name="user.password"/>
	<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
	<package name="HelloWorld" extends="struts-default">
	
	<!-- 拦截器配置 -->
	<interceptors>
		<interceptor name="MyInterceptor" class="com.java.interceptor.MyInterceptor">
		
		</interceptor>
	</interceptors>
	
	<action name="user" class="com.java.action.UserAction">
  		<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
  		<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
  		<!-- 引用了MyInterceptor这个拦截器，其他的就不会引用了，所以要自己引用底层原本有的拦截器defaultStack -->
  		<!-- 先进入MyInterceptor，然后进入defaultStack -->
  		<interceptor-ref name="MyInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
  		<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
  		
    </action>
  	
	</package>
</struts>

MyInterceptor.java

package com.java.interceptor;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;

public class MyInterceptor implements Interceptor {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("拦截器销毁的时候调用");
		
	}

	@Override
	public void init() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("拦截器初始化时候调用");
	}

	@Override
	public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("在action之前拦截");
		String result = invocation.invoke();//调用内存的方法
		System.out.println("result:"+result);
		System.out.println("在action之后拦截");
		return result;
	}

}

Useraction.java

package com.java.action;
import com.java.model.User;
import com.java.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private UserService userService=new UserService();
	
	private User user=new User();
	

	public User getUser() {
		return user;
	}


	public void setUser(User user) {
		this.user = user;
	}


	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("执行了UserAction的默认方法");
		
		if(userService.login(user)){
			return SUCCESS;
		}else{
			return ERROR;
		}
	}

	

}

UserService.java

package com.java.service;

import com.java.model.User;

public class UserService {
	public boolean login(User user){
		if("java".equals(user.getUserName())&&"123456".equals(user.getPassword())){
			 return true;
		  }else{
				return false;
			}
		}
}

User.java

package com.java.model;

public class User {
	private String userName;
	private String password;
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

}

启动tomcat

执行MyInterceptor的 init()初始化方法

public void init() {

System.out.println("拦截器初始化时候调用");
}

然后输入用户名密码进入到执行action之前的拦截器

initial()初始化拦截器

action之前的拦截器interceptor123

执行action、执行execute()、返回result完成action执行

action之后的拦截器interceptor

通过拦截器验证用户是否登陆

修改Useraction.java，每次登陆把用户信息放到session中。

package com.java.action;
import java.util.Map;

import com.java.model.User;
import com.java.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private UserService userService=new UserService();
	
	private User user=new User();
	private String error;//登陆错误信息
	

	public String getError() {
		return error;
	}


	public void setError(String error) {
		this.error = error;
	}


	public User getUser() {
		return user;
	}


	public void setUser(User user) {
		this.user = user;
	}


	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("执行了UserAction的默认方法");	
		if(userService.login(user)){
			//通过获取actionContext来获取action
			ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
			//获得session
			Map<String, Object> session= actionContext.getSession();
			//把user对象放到session中
			session.put("curentUser", user);		
			return SUCCESS;
		}else{
			this.error="用户名或者密码错误";
			return "error";
		}
	}

	

}

增加一个YanZhengAction.java,用来验证没登陆时，拦截器是否拦截信息

package com.java.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class YanZhengAction extends ActionSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	public String execute() throws Exception {
	System.out.println("用户已经登录");
	return SUCCESS;
	}

	

}

loginInterceptor.java

用来验证如果想执行yanzheng action，就要登陆才能进入

package com.java.interceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

public class loginInterceptor implements Interceptor {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("拦截器销毁的时候调用");
		
	}

	@Override
	public void init() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("拦截器初始化时候调用");
	}

	@Override
	public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("在进入yanzheg的action之前拦截判断用户是否登陆");
		//通过获取actionContext来获取action
		ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
		//获得session
		Map<String, Object> session= actionContext.getSession();
		//获取登陆对象，判断是否用户登陆
		Object curentUser = session.get("curentUser");
		String result =null;
		if(curentUser!=null){
			result = invocation.invoke();//调用result结果，
			//invocation.invoke() 就是通知struts2接着干下面的事情 
			//比如 调用下一个拦截器 或 执行下一个Action 
			//就等于退出了你自己编写的这个拦截器loginInterceptor了
			System.out.println(result);

		}else{
			//获取request
			HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) invocation.getInvocationContext().get(ServletActionContext.HTTP_REQUEST);
			request.setAttribute("error", "请先登录");
			System.out.println("这逼没登陆就想进来");
			result = "error";
		}
		
		return result;
	}

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
	<package name="HelloWorld" extends="struts-default">
	
	<!-- 拦截器配置 -->
	<interceptors>
		<interceptor name="MyInterceptor" class="com.java.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></interceptor>
		<interceptor name="loginInterceptor" class="com.java.interceptor.loginInterceptor"></interceptor>

	</interceptors>
	
	<action name="user" class="com.java.action.UserAction">
  		<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
  		<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
  		
  		<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
  		
    </action>
    	<action name="yanzheng" class="com.java.action.YanZhengAction">
  		<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
  		<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
  		<!-- 想进入这个action就要验证是否登陆，如果没有登陆，是进不去的 -->
  		<interceptor-ref name="loginInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
  		<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
  		
    </action>
  	
	</package>
</struts>

验证：没登陆时，执行yanzheng action ，看看结果

结果：

后台：

登陆之后：

结果：

最后优化一下struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
	<package name="HelloWorld" extends="struts-default">
	
	<!-- 拦截器配置 -->
	<interceptors>
		<interceptor name="MyInterceptor" class="com.java.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></interceptor>
		<interceptor name="loginInterceptor" class="com.java.interceptor.loginInterceptor"></interceptor>
	
		<!-- 优化二：拦截器栈 -->
		<interceptor-stack name="MyStack">
		<interceptor-ref name="loginInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
		<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
		</interceptor-stack>
	</interceptors>
	<!-- 使得HelloWorld这个包中每个action都使用拦截器栈 MyStack-->
	<default-interceptor-ref name="MyStack"></default-interceptor-ref>
	
	<!--优化一：每个action都有<result name="error">，所以放到全局的配置中-->
	<global-results>
		<result name="error">error.jsp</result>
	</global-results>
	
	<action name="user" class="com.java.action.UserAction">
  		<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
  		<!-- 登陆不需要使用loginInterceptor，所一就不需要MyStack -->
  		<!-- 所以使用defaultStack就不会去使用MyStack -->
  		<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>	
    </action>
    
    <action name="yanzheng" class="com.java.action.YanZhengAction">
  		<result name="success">success.jsp</result>
    </action>
  	
	</package>
</struts>

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3848699/blog/2208626