SpringIOC自动装配05

少使用，了解即可

前面的bean全部是手动配置，现在来学习自动装配

一、default-autowire="byName"通过名称自动装配

如果头文件不写default-autowire，系统自动默认为default-autowire="default"，就是不自动装配

现在我们将bean.xml头文件改为default-autowire="byName"，把手动注入的Dog删掉

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">

	<bean id="dog" class="com.java.entity.Dog">
		<property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="dog2" class="com.java.entity.Dog">
		<property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="people1" class="com.java.entity.People">
		<property name="id" value="1"></property>
		<property name="name" value="张三"></property>
		<property name="age" value="11"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

Dog.java

package com.java.entity;

public class Dog {
	private String name;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

People.java

这里的狗是Dog，不是Dog1，所以根据名称自动装配的时候People1装配Jack狗

package com.java.entity;


public class People {
	private int id;
	private int age;
	private String name;
	private Dog dog;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}
	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "People [id=" + id + ", age=" + age + ", name=" + name + ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
	}
	
	
	
	
	
}

测试：

T.java

package com.java.test;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.java.entity.People;

public class T {
	
	private ApplicationContext ac;
	
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
	}

	@Test
	public void test1() {
		People people=(People)ac.getBean("people1");
		System.out.println(people);
	}
	
}

结果：bean.xml没有手动注入，而是通过实体类属性名自动装配

当我将People.java修改为Dog2时

package com.java.entity;


public class People {
	private int id;
	private int age;
	private String name;
	private Dog dog2;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Dog getDog2() {
		return dog2;
	}
	public void setDog2(Dog dog2) {
		this.dog2 = dog2;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "People [id=" + id + ", age=" + age + ", name=" + name + ", dog2=" + dog2.getName() + "]";
	}
	
	
}

结果装配Tom狗

二、 default-autowire="byType通过类型自动匹配

改为byType自动装配时，因为People.java有private Dog dog;

所以bean.xm会自动装配一条狗进去

前面我们bean.xml如下：有dog和dog2两条狗，这样测试，people发现两个相同类型的bean却不懂注入哪个类型，所以会报错

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
        default-autowire="byType">

	<bean id="dog" class="com.java.entity.Dog">
		<property name="name" value="Jack"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="dog2" class="com.java.entity.Dog">
		<property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="people1" class="com.java.entity.People">
		<property name="id" value="1"></property>
		<property name="name" value="张三"></property>
		<property name="age" value="11"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

所以设置根据Type自动装配时，只需要一条狗就行了

dag时：把dog2删除

 

dag2时：把dog删除

 

三、default-autowire="constructor"构造方法注入

和type类似，只能一条狗

修改People的构造方法

package com.java1234.entity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

public class People {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private Dog dog;
	
	
	
	public People() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
	
	public People(Dog dog) {
		super();
		System.out.println("constructor");
		this.dog = dog;
	}


	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}
	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
				+ ", dog=" + dog.getName() + "]";
	}
	

}

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
        default-autowire="constructor">


	<bean id="dog2" class="com.java.entity.Dog">
		<property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="people1" class="com.java.entity.People">
		<property name="id" value="1"></property>
		<property name="name" value="张三"></property>
		<property name="age" value="11"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

结果：通过构造函数来找bean自动装配

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3848699/blog/2244806