Swift优雅的实现枚举的定义及使用详解

1、枚举是用来表示值的“类型”。

2、定义枚举类型“FamilyRelationshipType”

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enum  FamilyRelationshipType {      case  GrandFather      case  GrandMother      case  Father      case  Mother      case  Brother      case  Sister      case  Son      case  Daughter }

3、使用枚举，指定该成员与其他成员的关系：

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struct  FamilyMember {      var name: String      var relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType           init(name: String, relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType) {          self.name = name          self.relationshipType = relationshipType      } } let sister = FamilyMember(name:  "Jacky" , relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType.Sister) let brother = FamilyMember(name:  "Jack" , relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType.Brother)

4、指定值定义枚举：

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enum  FamilyRelationshipType: Int {      case  GrandFather = 400      case  GrandMother = 500      case  Father = 600      case  Mother = 700      case  Brother = 800      case  Sister = 900      case  Son = 1000      case  Daugther = 1100 }

5、Switch中使用枚举实例：

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static  func giftFor(member: FamilyMember) -> String {      switch  (member.relationshipType) {      case  .GrandFather:          return  "Book"      case  .GrandMother:          return  "Sweater"      case  .Father:          return  "Shirt"      case  .Mother:          return  "Flowers"      default :          return  "Choclates"      } }

6、Swift 中也可以把每个枚举与它的值联合起来。

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enum  FamilyRelationshipType {      case  GrandFather(age: Int)      case  GrandMother(age: Int)      case  Father(age: Int)      case  Mother(age: Int)      case  Husband(age: Int)      case  Wife(age: Int)      case  Brother(age: Int)      case  Sister(age: Int)      case  Son(age: Int)      case  Daugther(age: Int) }

这些联合值(associated values)只可以在Switch语句里使用枚举时访问。

完整实例，根据家庭成员的年龄大小来决定具体的礼物：

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enum  FamilyRelationshipType {      case  GrandFather(age: Int)      case  GrandMother(age: Int)      case  Father(age: Int)      case  Mother(age: Int)      case  Husband(age: Int)      case  Wife(age: Int)      case  Brother(age: Int)      case  Sister(age: Int)      case  Son(age: Int)      case  Daugther(age: Int)           func gift() -> String {          switch (self) {          case  .Brother(let age):              if  age > 10 {                  return  "video games"              }  else  {                  return  "toys"              }          case  .GrandFather:              return  "Book"          case  .GrandMother:              return  "Sweater"          case  .Father:              return  "Shirt"          case  .Mother:              return  "Flowers"          default :              return  "Choclates"          }      } } struct  FamilyMember {      var name: String      var relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType           init(name: String, relationshipType: FamilyRelationshipType) {          self.name = name          self.relationshipType = relationshipType      } }

 

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