observer模式的简单实现

// observer.h

#ifndef OBSERVER_H_
#define OBSERVER_H_


#include <list>


using namespace std;


class CAspect
{
    CAspect()
    {


    }


    virtual ~CAspect()
    {
    }
};


class CSubject;


// 观察者
class CObserver
{
protected:
    CObserver()
    {


    }


public:
    virtual ~CObserver()
    {


    }


    // 目标变化时的更新接口，参数1指明是哪一个目标发生变化，因为可能一个观察者会观察多个目标，参数2传递观察者感兴趣的方面
    virtual void Update(CSubject* poTheChangedSubject, CAspect* poInterest = NULL) = 0;
};


// 被观察者
class CSubject
{
private:
    std::list<CObserver*> m_lstObservers; // 目标知道它的观察者


protected:
    CSubject()
    {


    }


public:
    virtual ~CSubject()
    {


    }


    void Attach(CObserver* poObserver, CAspect* poInterest = NULL); // 注册一个观察者，指定其感兴趣的方面
    void Detach(CObserver* poObserver, CAspect* poInterest = NULL);// 删除一个观察者
    void Notify(CAspect* poInterest = NULL);
};


class CClockTimer : public CSubject
{
private:
    // subject state
    char m_i8Hour;
    char m_i8Minute;
    char m_i8Second;


public:
    CClockTimer()
    {


    }


    virtual ~CClockTimer()
    {


    }


    void SetHour(char i8Hour);
    void SetMinute(char i8Minute);
    void SetSecond(char i8Second);
    int GetHour();
    int GetMinute();
    int GetSecond();
    void Tick();
};




class CDigitalClock : public CObserver
{
private:
    CClockTimer* m_poSubject; // 观察的目标


    // observer state，与目标的状态保持一致。也可以作为局部变量
    char m_i8Hour;
    char m_i8Minute;
    char m_i8Second;


public:
    CDigitalClock(CClockTimer* poSubject)
    {
        m_poSubject = poSubject;
        m_poSubject->Attach(this, NULL);
    }


    virtual ~CDigitalClock()
    {
        m_poSubject->Detach(this, NULL);
    }


    virtual void Update(CSubject* poTheChangedSubject, CAspect* poInterest = NULL);


private:
    void Draw();
};


class CAnalogClock : public CObserver
{
private:
    CClockTimer* m_poSubject; // 观察的目标


public:
    CAnalogClock(CClockTimer* poSubject)
    {
        m_poSubject = poSubject;
        m_poSubject->Attach(this, NULL);
    }


    virtual ~CAnalogClock()
    {
        m_poSubject->Detach(this, NULL);
    }


    virtual void Update(CSubject* poTheChangedSubject, CAspect* poInterest = NULL);


private:
    void Draw();
};


#endif /* OBSERVER_H_ */

// observer.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
#include "observer.h"


void CSubject::Attach(CObserver* poObserver, CAspect* poInterest)
{
    m_lstObservers.push_back(poObserver);
}


void CSubject::Detach(CObserver* poObserver, CAspect* poInterest)
{
    m_lstObservers.remove(poObserver);
}


void CSubject::Notify(CAspect* poInterest)
{
    list<CObserver*>::iterator iter;
    for (iter = m_lstObservers.begin(); iter != m_lstObservers.end(); ++iter)
    {
        (*iter)->Update(this, NULL);
    }
}


void CClockTimer::SetHour(char i8Hour)
{
    m_i8Hour = i8Hour;
}


void CClockTimer::SetMinute(char i8Minute)
{
    m_i8Minute = i8Minute;
}


void CClockTimer::SetSecond(char i8Second)
{
    m_i8Second = i8Second;
}


int CClockTimer::GetHour()
{
    return m_i8Hour;
}


int CClockTimer::GetMinute()
{
    return m_i8Minute;
}


int CClockTimer::GetSecond()
{
    return m_i8Second;
}


void CClockTimer::Tick()
{
    time_t t = time(NULL);
    struct tm* local = localtime(&t);


    SetHour(local->tm_hour);
    SetMinute(local->tm_min);
    SetSecond(local->tm_sec);


    Notify();
}


void CDigitalClock::Update(CSubject* poTheChangedSubject, CAspect* poInterest)
{
    if (poTheChangedSubject == m_poSubject)
    {
        Draw();
    }
}


void CDigitalClock::Draw()
{
    // 从目标获取状态信息
    m_i8Hour = m_poSubject->GetHour();
    m_i8Minute = m_poSubject->GetMinute();
    m_i8Second = m_poSubject->GetSecond();


    cout << (int) m_i8Hour << "/" << (int) m_i8Minute << "/" << (int) m_i8Second << endl;
}


void CAnalogClock::Update(CSubject* poTheChangedSubject, CAspect* poInterest)
{
    if (poTheChangedSubject == m_poSubject)
    {
        Draw();
    }
}


void CAnalogClock::Draw()
{
    char i8Hour = m_poSubject->GetHour();
    char i8Minute = m_poSubject->GetMinute();
    char i8Second = m_poSubject->GetSecond();


    cout << (int) i8Hour << ":" << (int) i8Minute << ":" << (int) i8Second << endl;
}


int main()
{
    CClockTimer* poTimer = new CClockTimer();
    CDigitalClock* poDigitalClock = new CDigitalClock(poTimer);
    CAnalogClock* poAnalogClock = new CAnalogClock(poTimer);


    // 有两个观察者
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
    {
        poTimer->Tick();
        sleep(2);
    }


    delete poAnalogClock;


    // 只剩一个观察者
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
    {
        poTimer->Tick();
        sleep(2);
    }


    delete poDigitalClock;


    // 无观察者
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
    {
        poTimer->Tick();
        sleep(2);
    }


    delete poTimer;


    return 0;
}


// g++ observer.cpp -o main -g -Wall

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3485339/blog/900404