vb.net教程
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一直以来很想学习Socket编程方面的应用，比如怎样通过Socket编程实现单片机与PC的TCP连接通信。在单片机嵌入网卡芯片与PC进行连接通信，实现PC的web方式对单片机所控制的设备的状态管理，例如智能家居方面的应用。
下面通过例子来学习VB.NET中Net.Sockets类的应用，下面的程序分别分服务器和客户端两部分:
| Visual Basic ---tcpserver | |
|---|---|
Imports System
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Threading
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
' State object for reading client data asynchronously
Public Class StateObject
' Client socket.
Public workSocket As Socket = Nothing
' Size of receive buffer.
Public Const BufferSize As Integer = 1024
' Receive buffer.
Public buffer(BufferSize) As Byte
' Received data string.
Public sb As New StringBuilder
End Class 'StateObject
Public Class AsynchronousSocketListener
' Thread signal.
Public Shared allDone As New ManualResetEvent(False)
' This server waits for a connection and then uses asychronous operations to
' accept the connection, get data from the connected client,
' echo that data back to the connected client.
' It then disconnects from the client and waits for another client.
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Data buffer for incoming data.
Dim bytes() As Byte = New [Byte](1023) {}
' Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
Dim ipHostInfo As IPHostEntry = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName())
Dim ipAddress As IPAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList(0)
Dim localEndPoint As New IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 11000)
' Create a TCP/IP socket.
Dim listener As New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
' Bind the socket to the local endpoint and listen for incoming connections.
listener.Bind(localEndPoint)
listener.Listen(100)
While True
' Set the event to nonsignaled state.
allDone.Reset()
' Start an asynchronous socket to listen for connections.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection...")
listener.BeginAccept(New AsyncCallback(AddressOf AcceptCallback), listener)
' Wait until a connection is made and processed before continuing.
allDone.WaitOne()
End While
End Sub 'Main
Public Shared Sub AcceptCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
' Get the socket that handles the client request.
Dim listener As Socket = CType(ar.AsyncState, Socket)
' End the operation.
Dim handler As Socket = listener.EndAccept(ar)
' Create the state object for the async receive.
Dim state As New StateObject
state.workSocket = handler
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf ReadCallback), state)
End Sub 'AcceptCallback
Public Shared Sub ReadCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
Dim content As String = String.Empty
' Retrieve the state object and the handler socket
' from the asynchronous state object.
Dim state As StateObject = CType(ar.AsyncState, StateObject)
Dim handler As Socket = state.workSocket
' Read data from the client socket.
Dim bytesRead As Integer = handler.EndReceive(ar)
If bytesRead > 0 Then
' There might be more data, so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer, 0, bytesRead))
' Check for end-of-file tag. If it is not there, read
' more data.
content = state.sb.ToString()
If content.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -1 Then
' All the data has been read from the
' client. Display it on the console.
Console.WriteLine("Read {0} bytes from socket. " + vbLf + " Data : {1}", content.Length, content)
' Echo the data back to the client.
Send(handler, content)
Else
' Not all data received. Get more.
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf ReadCallback), state)
End If
End If
End Sub 'ReadCallback
Private Shared Sub Send(ByVal handler As Socket, ByVal data As String)
' Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
Dim byteData As Byte() = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data)
' Begin sending the data to the remote device.
handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf SendCallback), handler)
End Sub 'Send
Private Shared Sub SendCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
' Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Dim handler As Socket = CType(ar.AsyncState, Socket)
' Complete sending the data to the remote device.
Dim bytesSent As Integer = handler.EndSend(ar)
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to client.", bytesSent)
handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both)
handler.Close()
' Signal the main thread to continue.
allDone.Set()
End Sub 'SendCallback
End Class 'AsynchronousSocketListener | |
| Visual Basic ---tcpclient | |
|---|---|
Imports System
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Text
' State object for receiving data from remote device.
Public Class StateObject
' Client socket.
Public workSocket As Socket = Nothing
' Size of receive buffer.
Public Const BufferSize As Integer = 256
' Receive buffer.
Public buffer(BufferSize) As Byte
' Received data string.
Public sb As New StringBuilder
End Class 'StateObject
Public Class AsynchronousClient
' The port number for the remote device.
Private Const port As Integer = 11000
' ManualResetEvent instances signal completion.
Private Shared connectDone As New ManualResetEvent(False)
Private Shared sendDone As New ManualResetEvent(False)
Private Shared receiveDone As New ManualResetEvent(False)
' The response from the remote device.
Private Shared response As String = String.Empty
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Establish the remote endpoint for the socket.
' For this example use local machine.
Dim ipHostInfo As IPHostEntry = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName())
Dim ipAddress As IPAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList(0)
Dim remoteEP As New IPEndPoint(ipAddress, port)
' Create a TCP/IP socket.
Dim client As New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
' Connect to the remote endpoint.
client.BeginConnect(remoteEP, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf ConnectCallback), client)
' Wait for connect.
connectDone.WaitOne()
' Send test data to the remote device.
Send(client, "This is a test<EOF>")
sendDone.WaitOne()
' Receive the response from the remote device.
Receive(client)
receiveDone.WaitOne()
' Write the response to the console.
Console.WriteLine("Response received : {0}", response)
' Release the socket.
client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both)
client.Close()
End Sub 'Main
Private Shared Sub ConnectCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
' Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Dim client As Socket = CType(ar.AsyncState, Socket)
' Complete the connection.
client.EndConnect(ar)
Console.WriteLine("Socket connected to {0}", client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString())
' Signal that the connection has been made.
connectDone.Set()
End Sub 'ConnectCallback
Private Shared Sub Receive(ByVal client As Socket)
' Create the state object.
Dim state As New StateObject
state.workSocket = client
' Begin receiving the data from the remote device.
client.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf ReceiveCallback), state)
End Sub 'Receive
Private Shared Sub ReceiveCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
' Retrieve the state object and the client socket
' from the asynchronous state object.
Dim state As StateObject = CType(ar.AsyncState, StateObject)
Dim client As Socket = state.workSocket
' Read data from the remote device.
Dim bytesRead As Integer = client.EndReceive(ar)
If bytesRead > 0 Then
' There might be more data, so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer, 0, bytesRead))
' Get the rest of the data.
client.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf ReceiveCallback), state)
Else
' All the data has arrived; put it in response.
If state.sb.Length > 1 Then
response = state.sb.ToString()
End If
' Signal that all bytes have been received.
receiveDone.Set()
End If
End Sub 'ReceiveCallback
Private Shared Sub Send(ByVal client As Socket, ByVal data As String)
' Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
Dim byteData As Byte() = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data)
' Begin sending the data to the remote device.
client.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0, New AsyncCallback(AddressOf SendCallback), client)
End Sub 'Send
Private Shared Sub SendCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
' Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Dim client As Socket = CType(ar.AsyncState, Socket)
' Complete sending the data to the remote device.
Dim bytesSent As Integer = client.EndSend(ar)
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to server.", bytesSent)
' Signal that all bytes have been sent.
sendDone.Set()
End Sub 'SendCallback
End Class 'AsynchronousClient
| |
例程创建了客户端到服务器端的连接，客户端的连接是通过异步socket方式实现。
通过上面的程序相信大家对VB.NET中Net.Sockets类有了基本的了解。
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