C Builder中的数据模块Data Module

C++Builder中的数据模块,类似于C#中的通用数据访问类。可以将连接组件TADOConnection和查询组件TADOQuery放到数据模块中。本质是一个数据库查询的管理类。

（1）创建Data Module类单元

.h文件内容如下：
 

#ifndef DataModuleUnitH
#define DataModuleUnitH
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <Classes.hpp>
#include <Controls.hpp>
#include <StdCtrls.hpp>
#include <Forms.hpp>
#include <ADODB.hpp>
#include <DB.hpp>
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class TDataModule3 : public TDataModule
{
__published:	// IDE-managed Components
        TADOConnection *ADOConnection1;
        TADOQuery *ADOQuery1;
private:	// User declarations
       AnsiString m_strIP;
public:		// User declarations
        __fastcall TDataModule3(TComponent* Owner);
        void __fastcall CloseConn();
        void __fastcall OpenConnToSQLServer();
        void __fastcall OpenConnToAccess();
        TADOQuery * __fastcall QueryData(AnsiString strQuery);
        int __fastcall ExeSQL(AnsiString strSQL);
        TADOQuery * __fastcall SQLStoreProc(AnsiString sql,TParams* param);
};
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
extern PACKAGE TDataModule3 *DataModule3;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#endif

.cpp文件内容如下:

#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "DataModuleUnit.h"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TDataModule3 *DataModule3;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TDataModule3::TDataModule3(TComponent* Owner)
        : TDataModule(Owner)
{
    m_strIP = "129.27.135.68";
    ADOQuery1->Connection = ADOConnection1;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TDataModule3::CloseConn()
{
    ADOConnection1->Close();
}

TADOQuery * __fastcall TDataModule3::QueryData(AnsiString strQuery)
{//执行查询语句
    ADOQuery1->Close();
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Clear();
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Text = strQuery;
    ADOQuery1->Open();
    return  ADOQuery1;
}

int __fastcall TDataModule3::ExeSQL(AnsiString strSQL)
{//执行插入,更新,删除
    ADOQuery1->Close();
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Clear();
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Text = strSQL;
    return ADOQuery1->ExecSQL(); //受影响的行数
}

void __fastcall TDataModule3::OpenConnToSQLServer()
{//连接SQLServer
   try
   {
        ADOConnection1->Close();
        AnsiString ConnString="Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;\
        Persist Security Info=False;User ID=sa;\
        Initial Catalog=JZ_GPSDB;\
        Data Source="+m_strIP+",1433;PWD=abc2073219";
        ADOConnection1->ConnectionString = ConnString;
        ADOConnection1->Open();
   }
   catch(Exception &ex)
   {
       ShowMessage("数据库连接错误:"+ ex.Message);
   }
}
void __fastcall TDataModule3::OpenConnToAccess()
{//连接Access
   try
   {
        ADOConnection1->Close();
        AnsiString ConnString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;\
            Data Source=C:\\用户数据.mdb;Persist Security Info=False";
        ADOConnection1->ConnectionString = ConnString;
        ADOConnection1->Open();
   }
   catch(Exception &ex)
   {
       ShowMessage("数据库连接错误:"+ ex.Message);
   }
}

TADOQuery * __fastcall TDataModule3::SQLStoreProc(AnsiString strSql,TParams * param)
{//调用存储过程
    ADOQuery1->Active = false;
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Clear();
    ADOQuery1->SQL->Add(strSql);
    for(int i=0; i < param->Count;i++)
    {
      ADOQuery1->Parameters->Items[i]->Name      = param->Items[i]->Name;
      ADOQuery1->Parameters->Items[i]->DataType  = param->Items[i]->DataType;
      ADOQuery1->Parameters->Items[i]->Direction = param->Items[i]->ParamType;
      ADOQuery1->Parameters->Items[i]->Value     = param->Items[i]->Value;
    }
    ADOQuery1->Active = true;
    return  ADOQuery1;
}

（2）在窗口中调用如下：

void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
   TDataModule3 * pModule = new  TDataModule3(0);可声明为成员变量
   pModule->OpenConnToAccess();
   DataSource1->DataSet = pModule->QueryData("select * from fahuodanwei");
   //delete pModule;//注意释放
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void __fastcall TForm1::Button3Click(TObject *Sender)
{//调用带三个参数的存储过程
   TDataModule3 * pModule = new  TDataModule3(0);//可声明为成员变量
   TParams *param = new TParams();
   param->Add();
   param->Items[0]->Name      = "qtime";//参数名
   param->Items[0]->DataType  = ftDateTime;//类型
   param->Items[0]->ParamType = ptInput;//输入
   param->Items[0]->Value     = Now();//参数值
   param->Add();
   param->Items[1]->Name      = "sid";
   param->Items[1]->DataType  = ftString;
   param->Items[1]->ParamType = ptInput;
   param->Items[1]->Value     = "100001";
   param->Add();
   param->Items[2]->Name      = "Remain";
   param->Items[2]->DataType  = ftInteger;
   param->Items[2]->ParamType = ptOutput;
   param->Items[2]->Value     = 0;


   pModule->OpenConnToSQLServer();
   DataSource1->DataSet = pModule->SQLStoreProc("exec ups_QueryDataOfSingleDay :qtime,:sid,:Remain output",param);
   delete param;
   //delete pModule;//注意释放
}

通过数据模块，可以方便实现同一个软件中多种数据库共存，访问不受干扰。