【zookeeper】zookeeper单机和集群环境的搭建

首先去官网下载zookeeper安装包，本文采用3.4.6stable版本

http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.4.6/

tar命令解压后的目录结构如下：

[root@com23 zookeeper-3.4.6]# ll
total 1612
drwxr-xr-x  2 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 bin
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000   82446 Feb 20  2014 build.xml
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000   80776 Feb 20  2014 CHANGES.txt
drwxr-xr-x  2 1000 1000    4096 Jan 22 11:39 conf
drwxr-xr-x 10 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 contrib
drwxr-xr-x  2 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 dist-maven
drwxr-xr-x  6 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 docs
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000    1953 Feb 20  2014 ivysettings.xml
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000    3375 Feb 20  2014 ivy.xml
drwxr-xr-x  4 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 lib
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000   11358 Feb 20  2014 LICENSE.txt
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000     170 Feb 20  2014 NOTICE.txt
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000    1770 Feb 20  2014 README_packaging.txt
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000    1585 Feb 20  2014 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x  5 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 recipes
drwxr-xr-x  8 1000 1000    4096 Feb 20  2014 src
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000 1340305 Feb 20  2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000     836 Feb 20  2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000      33 Feb 20  2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
-rw-rw-r--  1 1000 1000      41 Feb 20  2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   46852 Jan 22 11:42 zookeeper.out

我们进入conf目录下新建zoo.cfg配置文件，文件名随便都行，但是默认是这个文件名，为什么呢？

看zkEnv.sh就知道了

if [ "x$ZOOCFG" = "x" ]
then
    ZOOCFG="zoo.cfg"
fi

1、单机模式

文件内容如下：

#the basic time unit in milliseconds used by zookeeper,it is used to do heartbeats and the min session timeout will be twice the tickTime
tickTime=2000
#the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and ,unless specified otherwise,the transaction log of updates to database
dataDir=/home/zookeeper/zkData
#the port to listen for client connections
clientPort=2181

至此，单机配置就结束了，下面可以启动了

bin/zkServer.sh start

启动完成后，通过如下命令连接上去：

bin/zkCli.sh -server serverIp:2181

当然你的客户端肯定要装个zk啦

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 27] ll
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
        connect host:port
        get path [watch]
        ls path [watch]
        set path data [version]
        rmr path
        delquota [-n|-b] path
        quit 
        printwatches on|off
        create [-s] [-e] path data acl
        stat path [watch]
        close 
        ls2 path [watch]
        history 
        listquota path
        setAcl path acl
        getAcl path
        sync path
        redo cmdno
        addauth scheme auth
        delete path [version]
        setquota -n|-b val path

至此，单机模式就结束了！

2、集群模式

修改配置文件如下：

#the basic time unit in milliseconds used by zookeeper,it is used to do heartbeats and the min session timeout will be twice the tickTime
tickTime=2000
#the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and ,unless specified otherwise,the transaction log of updates to database
dataDir=/home/zookeeper/zkData
#the port to listen for client connections
clientPort=2181
#timeouts zookeeper uses to limit the length of time the zookeeper servers in quorum have to connect to a leader
initLimit=5
#limits how far out of date a server can be from a leader
syncLimit=2
#With both of above timeouts, you specify the unit of time using tickTime. In this example, the timeout for initLimit is 5 ticks at 2000 milleseconds a tick, or 10 seconds.
server.1=192.168.11.176:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.11.177:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.11.178:2888:3888

The entries of the form  server.X  list the servers that make up the ZooKeeper service. When the server starts up, it knows which server it is by looking for the file  myid  in the data directory. That file has the contains the server number, in ASCII.
这句话的意思，server.X中的x是从dataDir路径下的myid文件来读取的，所以我们要创建相应的myid文件，内容分别是1，2，3

至此，集群的配置已经完成了！

下面到各个节点机器上去启动zookeeper

sh bin/zkServer.sh start

可以去看zookeeper.out的启动日志输出

查看节点状态

[root@com23 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

[root@com22 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

[root@com21 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

三个节点，一个leader，两个follower

这里补充一点：zookeeper的集群必须得奇数个节点，因为zookeeper有个机制，当集群中大于半数的节点挂了，整个zookeeper将停止服务，如果说是偶数台的话，一半对一半，zookeeper很难判断，所以zookeeper的集群建议偶数台搭建。

下面另起一个客户端去连接zk集群：

[root@com20 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkCli.sh -server 192.168.11.178:2181
Connecting to 192.168.11.178:2181
2015-01-22 14:41:08,947 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
2015-01-22 14:41:08,975 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=com20.authentication
2015-01-22 14:41:08,975 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.7.0_60
2015-01-22 14:41:08,989 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
2015-01-22 14:41:08,990 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre
2015-01-22 14:41:08,991 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../build/classes:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/netty-3.7.0.Final.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf:.:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib/rt.jar
2015-01-22 14:41:08,991 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
2015-01-22 14:41:08,992 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
2015-01-22 14:41:08,993 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
2015-01-22 14:41:08,993 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
2015-01-22 14:41:08,994 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64
2015-01-22 14:41:08,995 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=2.6.18-308.el5
2015-01-22 14:41:08,995 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root
2015-01-22 14:41:08,996 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root
2015-01-22 14:41:08,996 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6
2015-01-22 14:41:09,000 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=192.168.11.178:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@8afbefd
Welcome to ZooKeeper!
2015-01-22 14:41:09,187 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket connection to server 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support is enabled
2015-01-22 14:41:09,243 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket connection established to 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181, initiating session
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTING) 0] 2015-01-22 14:41:09,481 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete on server 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181, sessionid = 0x34b1057cbfa0000, negotiated timeout = 30000

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null

[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 0] 
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[zookeeper, zk_test]
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 2] get /zk_test
my_data
cZxid = 0x5
ctime = Thu Jan 22 13:52:58 CST 2015
mZxid = 0x5
mtime = Thu Jan 22 13:52:58 CST 2015
pZxid = 0x5
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 7
numChildren = 0
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 3] 

如果你的客户端只是去连zk集群，只需要解压zk安装包即可，使用命令直接可以连接，无需任何配置！

如遇任何问题，建议大家去官网参考，官网的永远是权威！

http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.4.6/zookeeperStarted.html

共勉！