缩写摘录—计算机网络

TCP/IP协议栈

  TCP/IP四层协议:  应用层、运输层、网际层、网络接口层

  应用层协议:

  HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

  SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

  DNS: Domain Name System

  RTP: Real-time Transport Protocol

  H.323 视频语音会话协议

  SIP: Session Initiation Protocol (于HTTP类似，基于文本传输)

  运输层:

  TCP: Transmission control Protocol

  UDP: User Datagram Protocol

  SCTP: Stream control transmission Protocol

  网际层:

  IP: Internet Protocol

 

OSI /RM (Open Systems Ieterconnection Reference Model) 体系结构:

应用层、表示层、会话层、运输层、网络层、数据链路层、物理层。

 

互联网标准是以RFC(Request For Comments)的形式在因特网上发表。 

 

物理层:

Nyquist准侧 

Shannon公式 : 计算信噪比

STP(Shielded Twisted Pair) : 屏蔽双绞线

UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair): 无屏蔽双绞线

FDM(Frequence Division Multiplexing) : 频分复用

TDM(Time Division Multiplexing): 时分复用

WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing): 波分复用

CDM(Code Division Multiplexing): 码分复用

ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line): 非对称数字用户线

SDSL(Single-line DSL)

HDSL(High peed DSL)

VDSL(Very high speed DSL)

数据链路层:

HDLC(High-level Data Link Control): 高级数据链路控制

PPP(Point-toPoint Protocol): 点对点协议

PPPoE(PPP over Erthernet)

CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection): 载波监听多点接入/碰撞检测

VLAN(Virtual LAN)

网络层:

ARP(Address Resolution Protocol): 地址解析协议

RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol): 逆地址解析协

ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol): 网际控制报文协议

IGMP(Internet Group Management Protocol): 网际组管理协议

VLSM(Variable Length Subnet Mask): 无分类编址

CIDR(CLassless Inter-Domain Routing): 无分类域间路由选择

Traceroute(Liunx下指令，用开跟踪一个分组从源点到终点的路径)

IGP(Interior Gateway Protocol): 内部网关协议

EGP(External Gateway Protocol): 外部网关协议

RIP(Routing Information Protocol): 路由信息协议

OSPF(Open Shortest Path First): 开发最短路径优先

VPN(Virtual Private Network): 虚拟专用网

NAT(Network Address Translation): 网络地址转换

运输层:

UDP(User Datagram Protocol): 用户数据包协议

TCP(Transmissiion Control Protocol): 传输控制协议

应用层:

DNS(Domain Name System)

FTP(File Transfer Protocol)

TFTP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol): 简单文件传送协议

TELNET

WWW(World Wide Web): 万维网

URL(Uniform Resource Lacator): 统一资源定位符

HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol): 超文本传送协议

HTML(HyperText Markup Language): 超文本标记语言

DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): 动态主机配置协议

SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

SNMP(Simle Network Management Protocol): 简单网络管理协议