Demo:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
//可变数组
NSMutableArray *mArray/*数组名,'*'号要有*/ = [NSMutableArray array];
mArray[0] = @"aa";
NSLog(@"%@", mArray[0]);
[mArray addObject:@"bbcc"];//只能添加一个元素
//在数组的最后添加一个元素,append
[mArray addObject:@"bc"];
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray insertObject:@"ccc" atIndex/*在mArray[3]上插入*/:3];//插入一个元素,最多能在数组的最后插入,但不能数组有空位
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray insertObject:@"ddd" atIndex:2];
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray removeLastObject];//删除最后一个元素
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray removeObjectAtIndex:1];//删除mArray[1]上的元素
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray removeObject:@"ddd"];//删除元素"ddd"若没有找到元素“ddd”则不执行操作
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray addObject:@"ccc"];//在数组末尾添加一个元素
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray replaceObjectAtIndex:1 withObject:@"aaa"];//将mArray[1]上的元素替换成"aaa"
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray exchangeObjectAtIndex:0 withObjectAtIndex:1];//将mArray[0]和mArray[1]的元素调换
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
[mArray removeAllObjects];//删除所有元素
NSLog(@"%@", mArray);
NSArray *array = @[@"aa", @"bb", @"cc"];//OC的不可变数组
//NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"11", @"22", @"33", @"44", nil];//nil为结尾,不算
NSLog(@"count: %lu", array.count);//数组元素的总数
// array[0] = @"dd";//错误,不可变数组,没有改动能力
NSLog(@"%@", array[2]);
//分别打印数组元素
//方法1
for (int i = 0; i < array.count; i++) {
NSLog(@"%@", array[i]);//[array objectAtIndex:i]
}
NSLog(@"------");
//方法2
for (NSString *obj in array) {
NSLog(@"%@", obj);
}
//一次打印数组全部元素
NSLog(@"%@", array);
//真
if (array) { //array表示数组地址,空数组也有地址
NSLog(@"xxx");
}
}
return 0;
}
输出
2015-07-25 16:53:46.758 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] aa
2015-07-25 16:53:46.763 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bbcc,
bc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.763 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bbcc,
bc,
ccc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.763 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bbcc,
ddd,
bc,
ccc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.764 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bbcc,
ddd,
bc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.764 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
ddd,
bc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.764 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.764 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bc,
ccc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.765 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
aaa,
ccc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.766 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aaa,
aa,
ccc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.791 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.792 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] count: 3
2015-07-25 16:53:46.792 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] cc
2015-07-25 16:53:46.793 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] aa
2015-07-25 16:53:46.793 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] bb
2015-07-25 16:53:46.793 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] cc
2015-07-25 16:53:46.793 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] ------
2015-07-25 16:53:46.794 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] aa
2015-07-25 16:53:46.794 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] bb
2015-07-25 16:53:46.794 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] cc
2015-07-25 16:53:46.794 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] (
aa,
bb,
cc
)
2015-07-25 16:53:46.809 NSArray和NSMutableArray可变,不可变数组[1153:34719] xxx
基本操作
初始化方法:
1.init返回一个空数组
2.initWithArray从已有数组初始化
3.initWithContentsOfFile//从plist文件加载
4.initWithContentsOfUrl//从网络地址上获取
5.initWithObject用一个对象初始化
6.initWithObjects从多对象初始化
7.self.theDataArray=[[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithCapacity:5];//指定有五个元素初始化
打印元素:
打印第一个元素:
NSLog(@”the object is:%@”,[theDataArray firstObjectCommonWithArray:theDataArray]);
打印最后一个元素:
NSLog(@”the object is:%@”,[theDataArray lastObject]);
枚举所有元素,方法一:
for (NSString * theStr in theDataArray) {
NSLog(@”%@:”,theStr);
}
枚举所有元素,方法二:
for (int i=0,i<[theDataArray count],i++) {
NSLog(@”%@:”,[theDataArray objectAtIndex:i]);
}
枚举所有元素,方法三,用枚举器:
NSEnumerator *enumerator=[theDataArray objectEnumerator];
id obj;
while (obj =[enumerator nextObject]) {
NSLog(@”%@”,obj);
}
更改数组元素
添加元素
[theDataArray addObject:@”这是新添加的元素”];//从最后开始添加
从指定索引插入元素
[theDataArray insertObject:@”this is inerted object” atIndex:0];//是插入到指定 索引的前面
修改.更新元素
[theDataArray replaceObjectAtIndex:0 withObject:@”new obj”];//指定索引修改
判断数组元素
判断数组是否包含某个对象
if ([theDataArray containsObject:@”selectiont”]) {
NSLog(@”the object selection is contained in array”);
}
else{
NSLog(@”not contain”);
}
获取数组信息
获取元素索引
NSLog(@”the idx is:%i”,[theDataArray indexOfObject:@”selection”]);
数组元素排序
方法一:
NSArray *theTempArr=[[NSArray alloc] initWithArray:[theDataArray
sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(caseInsensitiveCompare:)]];
[theDataArray sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(caseInsensitiveCompare:)];
// or @selector(compare:)
方法二:
NSLog(@”before sorted array:%@”,theDataArray);
NSCountedSet *cset=[[NSCountedSet alloc] initWithArray:theDataArray];
NSArray *theTempArr=[[NSArray alloc] initWithArray:[[cset allObjects]sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]];
NSLog(@”after sorted array:%@”,theTempArr);
对数组对象进行排序 NSSortDescriptor
NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor=[[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@”name” ascending:YES];//@“name”是对象属性
[theDataArray sortUsingDescriptors:[NSArray arrayWithObject:sortDescriptor]];//返回排序好的数组
//还可以用自定义方法:[theDataArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(custom Method:)];
-(NSInteger)customMethod:(someObject *)otherObj{
NSCompareResult compareResult=[self.name compare:otherObj.name];
if(compareResult == NSOrderedSame) return 0;
if(compareResult == NSOrderedAscending) return 1;
else return -1;
}
过滤数组对象
对象数组过滤(NSPredicate)
NSArray *keyArray=[[NSArray alloce]initWtihObjects:@”A”,@”B”,nil];
for (NSString *key in keyArray)
{
//定义规则:
NSPredicate *apredicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”SELF.name
beginswith[c] %@”,key]; //SELF.name是对象属性,beginswith[c] %@”,key
表示选出name以key开头的对象
//或者 :
NSPredicate *apredicate=[NSPredicate
predicateWithFormat:@”SELF.name contains [c] %@”,key]; //contains[c]
%@”,key 表示选出name中包含有key的对象
//或者 :
NSInteger age=20;
NSPredicate *apredicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”SELF.age > %i”,age]; // 表示选出age>20的对象
//或者 :
NSString * matchStr=@”hel*”;
NSPredicate *apredicate=[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”SELF.name like %@”,matchStr]; // 表示选出name中包含与字符串matchStr相似的对象
NSArray *newArr=[theDataArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:apredicate];
[theDataDict setValue:newArr forKey:key];
}
NSMutableArray
删除数组元素
NSMutableArray *tempArray=[[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObjects:@”one”,@”tow”,@”threr”,nil];
[tempArray removeObjectAtIndex:0];//从指定索引移除
[tempArray removeAllObjects];//移除所有元素
[tempArray removeLastObject];//移除最后那个元素
[tempArray removeObjectsInArray:newArray];//移除指定数组中元素
[tempArray removeObjectsAtIndexes: NSIndexSet *__strong)];//从所选择的索引中移除