设计模式——装饰模式
(1)目的:动态的为对象添加一些额外的职责,比生成子类更为灵活。
(2)如何实现:
1.新增的功能继承于原有基类(Component)基类中定义虚函数(Operation()),在子类装饰器(Decorator)中封装了基类的指针,子类中重写基类Operation()接口。
2.具体的装饰类(ConcreteDecorate)继承于装饰器,重写基类Operation()接口,在ConcreteDecorate的Operation()调用父类装饰器类Decorator的Operation()接口。
(3)优点:
1.降低主类复杂度。
2.将核心代码和可选择的代码分离,去除相关类中的重复逻辑。
3.当对类有特殊需求时可以有选择地、按顺序地包装对象。
(4)缺点:
1.复杂度高。
2.会导致很多小类地出现,多重装饰增加复杂度。
3. 装饰模式是针对抽象组件(Component)类型编程,不适用于争对具体组件编程。
│ cloth.cpp
│ cloth.h
│ decorate.cpp
│ decorate.h
│ dress.cpp
│ dress.h
│ main.cpp
│ person.cpp
│ person.h
dress.h(Component类)
#ifndef _DRESS_H
#define _DRESS_H
class Dress
{
public:
virtual void ShowDress()=0;
};
#endif
dress.cpp
#include "dress.h"
person.h(ConcreteComponent)
#ifndef _PERSON_H
#define _PERSON_H
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include "dress.h"
class Person : public Dress
{
public:
void ShowDress() override;
};
#endif
person.cpp
#include "person.h"
void Person::ShowDress()
{
std::cout << "小明" << " ";
}
decorate.h(Derorator)
#ifndef _DECORATE_H
#define _DECORATE_H
#include<iostream>
#include "dress.h"
class Decorate :
public Dress
{
private:
Dress* real_person=nullptr;
public:
void Setdress(Dress*);
void ShowDress() override;
};
#endif
decorate.cpp
#include "decorate.h"
void Decorate::Setdress(Dress* tem)
{
this->real_person = tem;
}
void Decorate::ShowDress()
{
if (real_person != nullptr)
{
real_person->ShowDress();
}
}
cloth.h(ConcreteDecorate)
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include "decorate.h"
class Cloth:
public Decorate
{
private:
std::string clothtype = "";
Decorate* ptr;
public:
void SetCloth(std::string);
Cloth() = default;
void ShowDress() override;
};
#endif
cloth.cpp
#include "cloth.h"
void Cloth :: SetCloth(std::string tem)
{
clothtype = tem;
}
void Cloth :: ShowDress()
{
Decorate::ShowDress();
std::cout << clothtype << " ";
}
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「chuichudigugu」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/chuichuigugu/article/details/126692142