C++的模板以及异常捕捉

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <exception>

using namespace std;

template <typename  T>
class Stack{
public:
    void push(const T elem)
    {
        Elems.push_back(elem);//在模板类的内部定义成员模板可以省略模板参数部分
    }
    void pop();
    T top() const;

private:
    vector<T> Elems;
};

//template <typename T>
//void Stack<T>::push(const T elem)
//{
//    Elems.push_back(elem);
//}

template <typename T>
void Stack<T>::pop()
{
    if(Elems.empty())
    {
        throw out_of_range("Stack<>::pop():empty stack");//terminates the execution
    }
    Elems.pop_back();
}

template <typename T>
T Stack<T>::top() const
{
    if(Elems.empty())
    {
        throw out_of_range("Stack<>::top():empty stack");
    }
    return Elems.back();
}

int main()
{
    try
    {
        Stack<int> intStack;
        intStack.push(5);
        intStack.push(8);

        cout << intStack.top() << endl;
        intStack.pop();
        cout << intStack.top() << endl;
        intStack.pop();
        cout << intStack.top() << endl;
        intStack.pop();
    }
    catch (const exception& ex )
    {
        cerr << ex.what() << endl;
        //return -1;
    }

    try
    {
        Stack<string> strStack;
        cout << strStack.top() << endl;
        strStack.pop();
    }
    catch (const exception &ex)//捕捉类型与抛出类型一致，抛出类型可以使类、string、exception等c++类型
    {
        cerr << ex.what() << endl;
    }

}

// if a function throws a exception without a try-catch block , it will eventually terminate the whole program

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3193939/blog/2966499