C# 中的Span<T>Struct的使用

在C#中Span<T>是ref结构的堆栈，而不是托管堆上分配，，一个Span<T>表示任意内存的相邻领域。一个Span<T>实例通常用来保存数组的元素或者数组的一部分。一个数组但是与Span<T>实例可以托管内存、本机内存、或上管理的内存栈。下面实例建立Span<Byte>的数组：

// Create a span over an array.
var array = new byte[100];
var arraySpan = new Span<byte>(array);

byte data = 0;
for (int ctr = 0; ctr < arraySpan.Length; ctr++)
    arraySpan[ctr] = data++;

int arraySum = 0;
foreach (var value in array)
    arraySum += value;

Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {arraySum}");
// Output:  The sum is 4950

下面的示例创建Span<Byte>从100个字节的本机内存：

// Create a span from native memory.
var native = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(100);
Span<byte> nativeSpan;
unsafe
{
    nativeSpan = new Span<byte>(native.ToPointer(), 100);
}
byte data = 0;
for (int ctr = 0; ctr < nativeSpan.Length; ctr++)
    nativeSpan[ctr] = data++;

int nativeSum = 0;
foreach (var value in nativeSpan)
    nativeSum += value;

Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {nativeSum}");
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(native);
// Output:  The sum is 4950

下面示例使用stackalloc关键字来分配100个字节的堆栈上的内存：

// Create a span on the stack.
byte data = 0;
Span<byte> stackSpan = stackalloc byte[100];
for (int ctr = 0; ctr < stackSpan.Length; ctr++)
    stackSpan[ctr] = data++;

int stackSum = 0;
foreach (var value in stackSpan)
    stackSum += value;

Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {stackSum}");
// Output:  The sum is 4950

因为Span<T>通过任意内存块，方法是一种抽象Span<T>类和方法与Span<T>参数对于任何Span<T>而不考虑其他要封装的内存的类型的对象。例如，每一个单独的代码部分进行初始化的跨度和计算其元素的总和可以更改的单一初始化和计算方法，如下面的实例演示：

public static void WorkWithSpans()
{
    // Create a span over an array.
    var array = new byte[100];
    var arraySpan = new Span<byte>(array);
    
    InitializeSpan(arraySpan);
    Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {ComputeSum(arraySpan):N0}");

    // Create an array from native memory.
    var native = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(100);
    Span<byte> nativeSpan;
    unsafe
    {
        nativeSpan = new Span<byte>(native.ToPointer(), 100);
    }

    InitializeSpan(nativeSpan);
    Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {ComputeSum(nativeSpan):N0}");
    
    Marshal.FreeHGlobal(native);

    // Create a span on the stack.
    Span<byte> stackSpan = stackalloc byte[100];

    InitializeSpan(stackSpan);
    Console.WriteLine($"The sum is {ComputeSum(stackSpan):N0}");
}

public static void InitializeSpan(Span<byte> span)
{
    byte value = 0;
    for (int ctr = 0; ctr < span.Length; ctr++)
        span[ctr] = value++;
}

public static int ComputeSum(Span<byte> span)
{
    int sum = 0;
    foreach (var value in span)
        sum += value;

    return sum;
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The sum is 4,950
//    The sum is 4,950
//    The sum is 4,950

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2475253/blog/3076649