Install MySQL 8 on Windows 10 64bit-CSDN博客

因官网没有提供64位Insalller.exe，而官方文档看着比较繁琐又是英文，给很多新同学安装64位数据库带来不便，本文抛砖引玉，希望能给你的学习节省时间。
下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/8.0.html
本文版本：Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive 8.0.12 182.9M

1.解压

mysql-8.0.12-winx64.zip  
D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64

2.创建两个文件夹

D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\data
D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\logs

3.设置环境变量，使用CMD命令设置

set PATH=%PATH%;D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin
#永久生效需设置系统环境变量

4.创建my.ini文件

[mysqld]
#安装目录
basedir = D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64
#数据文件目录
datadir = D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
general_log = ON
general_log_file = D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\logs\mysql.log
log_error = D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\logs\error.log
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
character-set-server = utf8mb4
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 600
table_definition_cache = 400
table_open_cache = 256

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

5.管理员权限开启CMD窗口

5.1 初始化

mysqld --initialize --console
#不用特别指定default file默认会使用my.ini

控制台输入如下表示成功

D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console
2018-09-15T17:14:25.729671Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server in progress as process 18148
2018-09-15T17:15:43.566562Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root[@localhost]: Xzhk!rguk0.-
2018-09-15T17:15:55.911070Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server has completed

其中，“Xzhk!rguk0.-”就是 root 用户的初始化密码。稍后可以做更改。

5.2 安装服务

mysqld --install [服务名]
#不写服务名默认为mysql

5.3 启动数据库

C:\Windows\system32>net start mysql
mysql 服务正在启动 ...
mysql 服务已经启动成功。

5.4 使用临时密码登陆数据库

mysql -u root -p
C:\Windows\system32>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ***********
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

5.5 执行下面语句修改密码，其中root为新密码

mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';

5.6 关闭数据库

C:\Windows\system32>net stop mysql
mysql 服务正在停止.
mysql 服务已成功停止。

6. 常用命令

#查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
+----------------------+
| Database             |
+----------------------+
| information_schema   |
| mysql                |
| performance_schema   |
| sys                  |
+----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
#切换数据库
mysql> use mysql
Database changed
#查看表名
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| component                 |
| db                        |
| default_roles             |
...