阿里云CentOS服务器挂载数据盘

环境

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Linux版本：CentOS 6.5

内容

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1.查看未挂载数据盘

使用df命令查看所有已挂载的磁盘

[root@Serv105 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G  1.5G   18G   8% /
tmpfs           498M     0  498M   0% /dev/shm

可以看到里面并没有数据盘。 这就需要使用fdisk命令可以查看所有的磁盘

[root@Serv105 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

Device Boot  Start End  Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *   1261120970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

我们可以看到/dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB这块磁盘。我们所要做的就是把这块磁盘挂载到/data/目录。

2.在数据盘上创建分区并格式化

创建分区使用fdisk命令：

[root@Serv105 ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe9145c2b.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
     switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
     sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n	
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p	#输入p创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 
Value out of range.
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527): 
Using default value 6527

Command (m for help): wq #输入wq保存退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

我们这里使用整个磁盘创建一个分区，这里在 完成之后，我们再用fdisk -l命令查看：

[root@Serv105 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1        2611    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xe9145c2b

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvdb1               1        6527    52428096   83  Linux

在最下面，可以看到在/dev/xvdb上已经创建了一个分区/dev/xvdb1。下面我们还需要使用mkfs.ext3命令对/dev/xvdb1进行格式化。

[root@Serv105 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/xvdb1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3276800 inodes, 13107024 blocks
655351 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
400 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

3.挂载数据盘

下面我们需要修改/etc/fstab文件进行数据盘的挂载。/etc/fstab文件里面是文件系统的一些信息。系统在启动时，通过读取整个文件，自动挂载磁盘。

[root@Serv105 ~]# echo '/dev/xvdb1    /data    ext3   defaults   0 0' >> /etc/fstab
[root@Serv105 ~]# mkdir /data
[root@Serv105 ~]# mount -a

使用df命令查看：

[root@Serv105 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G  1.5G   18G   8% /
tmpfs           498M     0  498M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvdb1       50G  180M   47G   1% /data

可以看到，已经挂载成功。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/victorhu/blog/526895