说明:memcached的运行依赖于libevent。
1.软件版本
libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
memcached-1.4.22.tar.gz
2.编译安装libevent
[root@mysql ~]# tar xf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# echo $?
0
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# make && make install
导出头文件:
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ln -sv /usr/local/libevent/include /usr/include/libevent
`/usr/include/libevent' -> `/usr/local/libevent/include'
导出库文件:
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# echo "/usr/local/libevent/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf
/usr/local/libevent/lib
[root@mysql libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ldconfig
3.编译安装memcached
[root@mysql ~]# tar xf memcached-1.4.22.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd memcached-1.4.22
[root@mysql memcached-1.4.22]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent
[root@mysql memcached-1.4.22]# echo $?
0
[root@mysql memcached-1.4.22]# make && make install
[root@mysql memcached-1.4.22]# ln -sv /usr/local/memcached/include /usr/include/memcache
`/usr/include/memcache' -> `/usr/local/memcached/include'
4.启动memcached
[root@mysql memcached-1.4.22]# cd /usr/local/memcached/
[root@mysql memcached]# bin/memcached -h
-l <ip_addr>: 指定进程监听的地址;
-d: 以服务模式运行;
-u <username>: 以指定的用户身份运行memcached进程;
-m <num>: 用于缓存数据的最大内存空间,单位为MB,默认为64MB;
-c <num>: 最大支持的并发连接数,默认为1024;
-p <num>: 指定监听的TCP端口,默认为11211;
-U <num>: 指定监听的UDP端口,默认为11211,0表示关闭UDP端口;
-t <threads>: 用于处理入站请求的最大线程数,仅在memcached编译时开启了支持线程才有效;
-f <num>: 设定Slab Allocator定义预先分配内存空间大小固定的块时使用的增长因子;
-M:当内存空间不够使用时返回错误信息,而不是按LRU算法利用空间;
-n: 指定最小的slab chunk大小;单位是字节;
-S: 启用sasl进行用户认证;
-v | -vv | -vvv:前台显示详细信息;
启动:
[root@mysql memcached]# bin/memcached -l 192.168.10.34 -u daemon -vvv
[root@mysql ~]# ss -tuan | grep 11211
udp UNCONN 0 0 192.168.10.34:11211 *:*
tcp LISTEN 0 128 192.168.10.34:11211 *:*
使用SysV init脚本启动:
[root@mysql memcached]# vim /etc/init.d/memcached
#!/bin/bash
#
# Init file for memcached
#
# chkconfig: - 86 14
# description: Distributed memory caching daemon
#
# processname: memcached
# config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
## Default variables
PORT="11211"
USER="nobody"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
RETVAL=0
prog="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
desc="Distributed memory caching"
lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/memcached"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $desc (memcached): "
daemon $prog -d -p $PORT -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && touch $lockfile || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Shutting down $desc (memcached): "
killproc $prog
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && rm -f $lockfile || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $desc ($prog): "
killproc $prog -HUP
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
condrestart)
[ -e $lockfile ] && restart
RETVAL=$?
;;
reload)
reload
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
[root@mysql memcache]# bash -n /etc/init.d/memcached
[root@mysql memcache]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached
[root@mysql memcache]# chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/memcached
[root@mysql memcache]# chkconfig memcached on
[root@mysql memcache]# chkconfig --list memcached
memcached 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@mysql memcache]# service memcached start
Starting Distributed memory caching (memcached): [ OK ]
5.简介memcached的命令
存储类命令:set, add, replace, append, prepend
获取数据类命令:get, delete, incr/decr
统计类命令:stats, stats items, stats slabs, stats sizes
清理命令: flush_all
简要说明:
add命令:
add keyname flag  timeout  datasize
get命令:
get keyname
6.简单测试
[root@mysql ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
add mykey 0 100 4
abcd
STORED
get mykey
VALUE mykey 0 4
abcd
END
append mykey 0 100 2
ef
STORED
get mykey
VALUE mykey 0 6
abcdef
END
prepend mykey 0 100 3
xyz
STORED
get mykey
VALUE mykey 0 9
xyzabcdef
END