bash scripts(1)

Example 2-1. cleanup: A script to clean up the log files in /var/log

# cleanup # Run as root, of course. cd /var/log cat /dev/null > messages cat /dev/null > wtmp echo "Logs cleaned up."

Example 2-2. cleanup: An enhanced and generalized version of above script.

#!/bin/bash # cleanup, version 2 # Run as root, of course. LOG_DIR=/var/log ROOT_UID=0 # Only users with $UID 0 have root privileges. LINES=50 # Default number of lines saved. E_XCD=66 # Can't change directory? E_NOTROOT=67 # Non-root exit error. if [ "$UID" -ne "$ROOT_UID" ] then echo "Must be root to run this script." exit $E_NOTROOT fi if [ -n "$1" ] # Test if command line argument present (non-empty). then lines=$1 else lines=$LINES # Default, if not specified on command line. fi # Stephane Chazelas suggests the following, #+ as a better way of checking command line arguments, #+ but this is still a bit advanced for this stage of the tutorial. # # E_WRONGARGS=65 # Non-numerical argument (bad arg format) # # case "$1" in # "" ) lines=50;; # *[!0-9]*) echo "Usage: `basename $0` file-to-cleanup"; exit $E_WRONGARGS;; # * ) lines=$1;; # esac # #* Skip ahead to "Loops" to understand this. cd $LOG_DIR if [ `pwd` != "$LOG_DIR" ] # or if [ "$PWD" != "LOG_DIR" ] # Not in /var/log? then echo "Can't change to $LOG_DIR." exit $E_XCD fi # Doublecheck if in right directory, before messing with log file. # far better is: # --- # cd /var/log || { # echo "Cannot change to necessary directory." >&2 # exit $E_XCD; # } tail -$lines messages > mesg.temp # Saves last section of message log file. mv mesg.temp messages # Becomes new log directory. # cat /dev/null > messages #* No longer needed, as the above method is safer. cat /dev/null > wtmp # > wtemp has the same effect. echo "Logs cleaned up." exit 0 # A zero return value from the script upon exit #+ indicates success to the shell.

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