Oracle数据库生成AWR报告

通常DBA在管理数据库的时候，可以通过分析AWR(Automatic Workload Repository)报告来诊断数据库的性能问题，熟练掌握AWR报告，是DBA运维的必备技能之一。AWR报告的原理是基于Oracle数据库的定时 镜像功能。默认情况下，Oracle数据库后台进程会以一定间隔（一小时）收集系统当前状态镜像，并且保存在数据库中。生成AWR报告时，只需要指定进行 分析的时间段（开始镜像编号和结束镜像编号），就可以生成该时间段的性能分析情况。AWR镜像保存在数据库中的时间为一个月左右。本篇中采用的是手工脚本 方式生成AWR的方法。

1、创建生成的AWR报告存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /awr
[root@localhost ~]#chown oracle:oinstall /awr

2、启用数据库常用工具sqlplus，调用生成AWR的脚本。此脚本保存在$ORACLE_HOME下的rdbms/admin中，名称为awrrpt.sql。
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /awr/
[oracle@localhost awr]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Jun 28 03:35:35 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

   DB Id    DB Name      Inst Num Instance                                      
----------- ------------ -------- ------------                                  
 2181523472 TEST                1 test                                          

Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Would you like an HTML report, or a plain text report?
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type: html

Type Specified:  html                                                           

EXT                                                                             
-----                                                                           
.html                                                                           

Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

   DB Id     Inst Num DB Name      Instance     Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
* 2181523472        1 TEST         test         localhost.lo
                                                caldomain
Using 2181523472 for database Id
Using          1 for instance number

Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
(n) days of snapshots being listed.  Pressing without
specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.

Enter value for num_days: 1

Listing the last day's Completed Snapshots

                                                        Snap
Instance     DB Name        Snap Id    Snap Started    Level
------------ ------------ --------- ------------------ -----
test         TEST                 2 28 Jun 2015 03:42      1
                                  3 28 Jun 2015 05:00      1
                                  4 28 Jun 2015 06:00      1

Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter value for begin_snap: 3
Begin Snapshot Id specified: 3

Enter value for end_snap: 4
End   Snapshot Id specified: 4

Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is awrrpt_1_3_4.html.  To use this name,
press to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.

Enter value for report_name:

Using the report name awrrpt_1_3_4.html
.
.
Report written to awrrpt_1_3_4.html
SQL>

[oracle@localhost awr]$ pwd
/awr
[oracle@localhost awr]$ ls
awrrpt_1_3_4.html
[oracle@localhost awr]$

以上就是一份oracle数据库AWR报告的生成过程

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