ASM的配置与管理

--首先需要配置css服务

[root@rhel /]# cd /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin

[root@rhel bin]# ./localconfig  add

/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.

Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.

Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..

Operation successful.

Configuration for local CSS has been initialized

Adding to inittab 

Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.

Checking the status of new Oracle init process...

Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.

CSS is active on these nodes.

        rhel

CSS is active on all nodes.

Oracle CSS service is installed and running under init(1M)

[root@rhel bin]# ps -ef|grep d.bin

oracle   16501 16273  1 06:50 ?        00:00:00 /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin/ocssd.bin

root     16519 15239  0 06:51 pts/0    00:00:00 grep d.bin

--编辑asm初始化参数文件

[root@rhel bin]# su - oracle

[oracle@rhel ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init+ASM.ora

INSTANCE_TYPE = ASM

ASM_DISKSTRING='/dev/sd*'

[oracle@rhel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Aug 29 06:54:44 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes

Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes

Variable Size              53253856 bytes

ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                           HEADER_STATU PATH

------------------------------ ------------ ------------------------------

                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sda1

                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sdb1

--创建磁盘组

SQL>  CREATE DISKGROUP DG1 NORMAL REDUNDANCY 

  2   FAILGROUP controller1 DISK

  3  '/dev/sda1'

  4  FAILGROUP controller2 DISK

  5  '/dev/sdb1';

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select name,SECTOR_SIZE,BLOCK_SIZE,ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE,STATE,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME       SECTOR_SIZE BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB

---------- ----------- ---------- -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ----------

DG1                512       4096              1048576 MOUNTED     NORMAL       2038       1936

SQL>  select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME       HEADER_STATU PATH

---------- ------------ ------------------------------

DG1_0001   MEMBER       /dev/sdb1

DG1_0000   MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--磁盘组的mount与umount

SQL> startup nomount

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes

Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes

Variable Size              53253856 bytes

ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0

                                                 /dbs/spfile+ASM.ora

SQL> show parameter disk

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

asm_diskgroups                       string

asm_diskstring                       string      /dev/sd*

disk_asynch_io                       boolean     TRUE

SQL> alter diskgroup dg1 mount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> show parameter asm_diskgroups

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

asm_diskgroups                       string      DG1

--为了使磁盘组能自动被mount，需要将asm_diskgroups='DG1' 加入到初始化参数文件中：

SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups='DG1' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL> show parameter asm_diskgroups

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

asm_diskgroups                       string      DG1

SQL> shutdown 

ASM diskgroups dismounted

ASM instance shutdown

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@rhel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Aug 29 07:41:09 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount;

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes

Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes

Variable Size              53253856 bytes

ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

ASM diskgroups mounted

SQL> col name for a10

SQL> set lines 132

SQL>  select name,SECTOR_SIZE,BLOCK_SIZE,ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE,STATE,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME       SECTOR_SIZE BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB

---------- ----------- ---------- -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ----------

DG1                512       4096              1048576 MOUNTED     NORMAL       2038       1936

---这一次，diskgroup被自动挂载了

--删除磁盘组，如果磁盘上有文件，需要加including contents

SQL>  drop diskgroup dg1 including contents;

Diskgroup dropped.

SQL>  select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                      HEADER_STATU PATH

------------------------- ------------ ---------------

                          FORMER       /dev/sdb1

                          FORMER       /dev/sda1

--重新创建磁盘组

SQL>  CREATE DISKGROUP DG1 external redundancy disk 

  2  '/dev/sd*';

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                      HEADER_STATU PATH

------------------------- ------------ ---------------

DG1_0000                  MEMBER       /dev/sdb1

DG1_0001                  MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--添加磁盘到磁盘组中

---首先将磁盘分区并修改分区权限

[root@rhel ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-130, default 1): 

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-130, default 130): 

Using default value 130

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@rhel ~]# chown oracle:dba /dev/sdc1

--启动ASM实例，查看磁盘

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                           HEADER_STATU PATH

------------------------------ ------------ ----------

                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sdc1

DG1_0000                       MEMBER       /dev/sdb1

DG1_0001                       MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--可见/dev/sdc1已经被发现，将该磁盘加入到磁盘组dg1中：

SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP dg1 ADD DISK '/dev/sdc1';

Diskgroup altered.

--观察v$asm_operation视图，可见正在进行rebalnce操作：

SQL> select * from v$asm_operation;

GROUP_NUMBER OPERA STAT      POWER     ACTUAL      SOFAR   EST_WORK   EST_RATE EST_MINUTES

------------ ----- ---- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------

           1 REBAL RUN           1          1        121        419        230           1

---查看v$asm_disk视图，可见数据已经被移到了新加的磁盘上，且分布均匀：

SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,name,PATH,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_disk;

DISK_NUMBER NAME                           PATH         TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB

----------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------

          2 DG1_0002                       /dev/sdc1        1019        604

          0 DG1_0000                       /dev/sdb1        1019        603

          1 DG1_0001                       /dev/sda1        1019        603

--创建一个表空间，然后再次查看v$asm_disk视图：

SQL> create tablespace users datafile '+DG1/oradata/mbs/users01.dbf' size 200m;

Tablespace created.

--可以发现数据文件被均匀的分布在各个磁盘上：

SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,name,PATH,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_disk;

DISK_NUMBER NAME                           PATH         TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB

----------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------

          2 DG1_0002                       /dev/sdc1        1019        536

          0 DG1_0000                       /dev/sdb1        1019        536

          1 DG1_0001                       /dev/sda1        1019        536

以上是在oracle 10g环境下测试通过

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