汉字验证码（转载）

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-06 09:55:02 发布

civcx62284

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-06 09:55:02 发布

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文章标签： java

package com.toy;

import java.util.Random;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;

/**
* 一个能生成验证码的类
* 默认四个汉字
* 使用该类生成验证码时
* @author jiangjizhong
*/
public class VerifyCode {

private final Random random = new Random(System.nanoTime());
private int width;
private int height;
private int charNumber = 4;
private float yawpRate = 0.2f; //噪声率
private OutputStream outputStream;
private char[] code;

public VerifyCode() {
//empty
}

/**
* 返回生成的验证码字符串
* @return
*/
public String getVerifyCode(){
return new String(code);
}

public VerifyCode(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}

private void drawPane(Graphics2D g2d){
g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2.0f));
g2d.drawRect(0, 0, width, height);
}

private void drawChars(Graphics2D g2d){
float scale = 1f;
int size = (int) (scale * height);
int ffsetHeight = (height + size) / 2;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(1);
sb.setLength(1);
g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
code = new char[charNumber];
for (int i = 0; i < charNumber; i++) {
//计算第i个字的x偏移
int ffsetWidth = i * size;
//随机大小
int charSize = this.getRandomIntBetween((int) (size * 0.5), size);
//随机样式
int fontStyle. = this.getRandomBoolean() ? Font.ITALIC : Font.ITALIC;
g2d.setFont(new Font("隶书", fontStyle, charSize));
//随机颜色
//g2d.setColor(this.getRandomColor());
//随机上移一点
int moveUp = random.nextInt((int) (0.3 * height));
//随机字符
char c = this.getRandomChar();
code[i] = c;
sb.setCharAt(0, c);
g2d.drawString(sb.toString(), offsetWidth, offsetHeight - moveUp);
}
}

private void drawSmallChars(Graphics2D g2d){
final int lines = 5;
int fontSize = this.getHeight() / lines;
int number = this.getWidth() / fontSize;
g2d.setFont(new Font("隶书", Font.PLAIN, fontSize));
g2d.setColor(this.getRandomColor());
for(int i=0; i<10;i++){
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(number);
for(int j=0; jsb.append(this.getRandomChar());
}
g2d.drawString(sb.toString(), 0, (i + 1) * fontSize);
}
}
/**
* 主要方法，开始生成
*/
public void write() {
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2d = bi.createGraphics();
g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
//画方框9/10期望宽度
this.drawPane(g2d);
//设定字体,字体大小为4/5方框，居中
this.drawChars(g2d);
/*补充注释：有些人添加干扰时，喜欢使用随机线条。我认为这个方法一点都不好，不仅是图片极度丑陋，而且根本起不到干扰的作用。*/
//背景上随机10行小字
this.drawSmallChars(g2d);
//添加噪点
int area = (int) (this.getYawpRate() * height * width);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int rgb = this.getRandomIntColor();
bi.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}

try {
ImageIO.write(bi, "jpeg", outputStream);
} catch (Exception exc) {
exc.printStackTrace();
}
}

private boolean getRandomBoolean() {
int randInt = random.nextInt(10);
if (randInt > 4) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}

private Color getRandomColor() {
int[] rgb = this.getRandomRgb();
return new Color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
}

private int getRandomIntColor() {
int[] rgb = this.getRandomRgb();
int color = 0;
for (int c : rgb) {
color = color << 8;
color = color | c;
}
return color;
}

private int[] getRandomRgb() {
int[] rgb = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
}
return rgb;
}

/**
* 返回一个随机汉字字符。
* 采用随机生成两个byte按gb2312编码构成一个String的算法。
* 两个字节在B0A1到D7F9之间，是常用简体字
* 所以，第一个字节在B0(十进制176)到D7(十进制215)之间，第二个字节在A1(十进制161)到F9(十进制249)之间
* @return
*/
protected char getRandomChar() {
final int minFirstByte = 176;
final int maxFirstByte = 215;
final int minSecondByte = 161;
final int maxSecondByte = 249;

byte[] b = new byte[2];
b[0] = (byte) (getRandomIntBetween(minFirstByte, maxFirstByte));
b[1] = (byte) (getRandomIntBetween(minSecondByte, maxSecondByte));
try {
String s = new String(b, "gb2312");
assert s.length() == 1;
return s.charAt(0);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException uee) {
//重试
return getRandomChar();
}
}

/**
* 获取两个整数之间的某个随机数，包含较小的整数，不包含较大的整数
* @param first
* @param second
* @return 随机数
*/
private int getRandomIntBetween(int first, int second) {
if (second < first) {
int tmp = first;
first = second;
second = tmp;
}
return random.nextInt(second - first) + first;
}

public int getWidth() {
return width;
}

/**
* 验证码图片的宽度，一般的，宽度应该是高度乘以字符数目
*/
public void setWidth(int width) {
this.width = width;
}

public int getHeight() {
return height;
}

/**
* 验证码图片的高度
*/
public void setHeight(int height) {
this.height = height;
}

public OutputStream getOutputStream() {
return outputStream;
}

/**
* 验证码输出地址，如果是在jsp或servlet里使用，这里的outputStream就是从Response对象里获取的outputStream
*/
public void setOutputStream(OutputStream outputStream) {
this.outputStream = outputStream;
}

public int getCharNumber() {
return charNumber;
}

/**
* 生成验证码的字符数量，默认四个
*/
public void setCharNumber(int charNumber) {
this.charNumber = charNumber;
}

public float getYawpRate() {
return yawpRate;
}

/**
* 设定噪声率，既图像上出现的噪声像素占全部像素的比例
* @param yawpRate
*/
public void setYawpRate(float yawpRate) {
this.yawpRate = yawpRate;
}
}

**********************************************************************************
使用该验证码的jsp文件：

Java代码

out.clear();
response.reset();
//设定相应头
//不缓存
response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

int height = 50;//验证码图片高度
int width = 200;//验证码图片宽度
int charNumber = 4;
if(request.getParameter("height") != null){
height = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("height"));
}
if(request.getParameter("width") != null){
width = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("width"));
}
if(request.getParameter("charnum") != null){
charNumber = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("charNumber"));
}
VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode(width, height);
vc.setCharNumber(charNumber);
vc.setOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
vc.write();
session.setAttribute("VerifyCode", vc.getVerifyCode());
%>