有时候可能存在评估的执行计划和真实的执行计划不一样,查看执行计划的方法如下:
a.explain plan ,可通过dbms_xplan.display来查看执行计划
b.set autot
c.v$sql_plan
d.dbms_xplan.display_cursor
a,b的执行计划都是根据explain plan得到的,因此都不是真实的(基表是sql_plan),而3,4的执行计划都是真实的(基表是 V$SQL_PLAN),cursor_sharing为force+直方图的时候可能存在一个假象,就是set autot trace给你显示的执行计划很完美,而真实的执行计划是当作绑定变量处理的,第一次查询的时候可能存在bind peeking的影响,而之后的如果没有新的cursor产生,那么执行计划都是重用第一次的,[@more@]
做了个测试如下:
SQL> conn l5m/l5m @dev107_c203
Connected.
SQL> show parameter cursor
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
cursor_sharing string
EXACT
cursor_space_for_time boolean
FALSE
open_cursors integer
500
session_cached_cursors integer
20
SQL> alter session set cursor_sharing=force;
Session altered.
SQL> create table kk1(id int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into kk1 select 1 from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> insert into kk1 select 2 from dba_objects;
63413 rows created.
SQL> create index i_kk1_1 on kk1(id);
Index created.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'KK1',method_opt=>'for all columns size 254');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> set autot trace
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=1;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=1)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
2 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
335 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> /
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=1)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
2 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
335 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=2;
//这里显示的执行计划是假的,真正的执行计划是index range scan
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
下面的真正的执行计划
SQL> set autot off
SQL> select sql_text,sql_id,child_number from v$sql
2 where sql_text like 'select count(*) from kk1%';
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER
--------------------------------------- ------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
1fnfa7pqtz9h6 0
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('1fnfa7pqtz9h6','0'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 1fnfa7pqtz9h6, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=:SYS_B_0)
19 rows selected.
SQL> set autot trace
可以发现下面的执行计划是假的,和加index(t)的提示的consistent gets是一致的
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=2; //走索引逻辑读125
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select /*+ index(t) */ count(*) from kk1 t where id=2;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 126 (2)| 00:00:02 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 62313 | 182K| 126 (2)| 00:00:02 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select /*+ full(t) */ count(*) from kk1 t where id=2;
//全表逻辑读107
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
107 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
下面看看dbms_xplan.display与dbms_xplan.display_cursor两个包的结果是否一致
SQL> explain plan set statement_id='NO' for
2 select count(*) from kk1 where id=2;
SQL> select plan_table_output
2 from table(dbms_xplan.display('PLAN_TABLE','NO','ALL'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
1 - SEL$1
2 - SEL$1 / KK1@SEL$1
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
1 - (#keys=0) COUNT(*)[22]
25 rows selected.
SQL> select sql_text,sql_id,child_number from v$sql where sql_text like 'select count(*) from kk1%';
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER
--------------------------------------- ------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
1fnfa7pqtz9h6 0
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('1fnfa7pqtz9h6','0'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 1fnfa7pqtz9h6, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=:SYS_B_0)
19 rows selected.
由于dbms_xplan.display表的基表是plan_table,而dbms_xplan.display_cursor的基表是v$sql_plan,看出结果是不一致的。
a.explain plan ,可通过dbms_xplan.display来查看执行计划
b.set autot
c.v$sql_plan
d.dbms_xplan.display_cursor
a,b的执行计划都是根据explain plan得到的,因此都不是真实的(基表是sql_plan),而3,4的执行计划都是真实的(基表是 V$SQL_PLAN),cursor_sharing为force+直方图的时候可能存在一个假象,就是set autot trace给你显示的执行计划很完美,而真实的执行计划是当作绑定变量处理的,第一次查询的时候可能存在bind peeking的影响,而之后的如果没有新的cursor产生,那么执行计划都是重用第一次的,[@more@]
做了个测试如下:
SQL> conn l5m/l5m @dev107_c203
Connected.
SQL> show parameter cursor
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
cursor_sharing string
EXACT
cursor_space_for_time boolean
FALSE
open_cursors integer
500
session_cached_cursors integer
20
SQL> alter session set cursor_sharing=force;
Session altered.
SQL> create table kk1(id int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into kk1 select 1 from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> insert into kk1 select 2 from dba_objects;
63413 rows created.
SQL> create index i_kk1_1 on kk1(id);
Index created.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'KK1',method_opt=>'for all columns size 254');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> set autot trace
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=1;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=1)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
2 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
335 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> /
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=1)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
2 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
335 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=2;
//这里显示的执行计划是假的,真正的执行计划是index range scan
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
下面的真正的执行计划
SQL> set autot off
SQL> select sql_text,sql_id,child_number from v$sql
2 where sql_text like 'select count(*) from kk1%';
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER
--------------------------------------- ------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
1fnfa7pqtz9h6 0
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('1fnfa7pqtz9h6','0'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 1fnfa7pqtz9h6, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=:SYS_B_0)
19 rows selected.
SQL> set autot trace
可以发现下面的执行计划是假的,和加index(t)的提示的consistent gets是一致的
SQL> select count(*) from kk1 where id=2; //走索引逻辑读125
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select /*+ index(t) */ count(*) from kk1 t where id=2;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 126 (2)| 00:00:02 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 62313 | 182K| 126 (2)| 00:00:02 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
125 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
SQL> select /*+ full(t) */ count(*) from kk1 t where id=2;
//全表逻辑读107
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
107 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
337 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
377 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
下面看看dbms_xplan.display与dbms_xplan.display_cursor两个包的结果是否一致
SQL> explain plan set statement_id='NO' for
2 select count(*) from kk1 where id=2;
SQL> select plan_table_output
2 from table(dbms_xplan.display('PLAN_TABLE','NO','ALL'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1408337260
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| KK1 | 62313 | 182K| 26 (8)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
1 - SEL$1
2 - SEL$1 / KK1@SEL$1
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter("ID"=2)
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
1 - (#keys=0) COUNT(*)[22]
25 rows selected.
SQL> select sql_text,sql_id,child_number from v$sql where sql_text like 'select count(*) from kk1%';
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER
--------------------------------------- ------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
1fnfa7pqtz9h6 0
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('1fnfa7pqtz9h6','0'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 1fnfa7pqtz9h6, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select count(*) from kk1 where id=:"SYS_B_0"
Plan hash value: 1026585023
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_KK1_1 | 1 | 3 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ID"=:SYS_B_0)
19 rows selected.
由于dbms_xplan.display表的基表是plan_table,而dbms_xplan.display_cursor的基表是v$sql_plan,看出结果是不一致的。
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转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/271283/viewspace-1020411/