Java基础（GUI和网络）

GUI和网络编程

一、图形化界面

a)        GUI概念：Graphical User Interface图形化用户界面

1.        AWT和SWING：awt依赖于本地系统平台，swing跨平台

2.        组件和容器：

1.        组件：Component是GUI图形界面的组成元素

2.        容器：Container可以存放组件，也可以存放容器

b)       布局管理

1.        FlowLayout（流式布局管理器）

2.        BorderLayout（边界布局管理器）

3.        GridLayout（网格布局管理器）

4.        CardLayout（卡片布局管理器）

5.        GridBagLayout（网格包布局管理器）

c)        建立一个窗体

1.        构造一个窗体Frame frame = new Frame();

2.        设置可见：frame.setVisible(true);

3.        设置大小：frame.setSize(400,300);

4.        设置位置：frame.setLocation();

5.        设置标题：frame.setTitle(“哈哈”);

6.        设置图标：frame.setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultTookit().createImage(“qq.png”));

7.        创建按钮：Button btn = new Button(“关闭”);

8.        将按钮放入窗体：frame.add(btn);

9.        设置布局：frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout())

d)       事件处理

1.        事件概念：用户对程序的操作

2.        添加窗体监听器：frame.addWindowListener();

3.        窗体适配器：

1.        激活：windowActivated(){}

2.        已关闭：windowClosed(){}

3.        正在关闭：windowClosing(){}

4.        不是活动的：windowDeactivated(){}

5.        已打开：windowOpened(){}

6.        最小化：windowIconified(){}

7.        从最小化恢复：windowDeiconified(){}

4.   鼠标适配器：

1.        点击：mouseClicked(){}

2.        鼠标进入组件：mouseEntered(){}

3.        鼠标离开组件：mouseExited(){}

4.        按下鼠标：mousePressed(){}

5.        鼠标弹起：mouseReleased(){}

二、网络编程

1．UDP无连接，不区分客户端与服务器

    DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();

    DatagramPacket pack=new DatagramPacket(数据,数据长度,ip地址,端口号);

          

    socket.send(pack);//发送数据

或者socket.receive();//接受数据，使用getDate(),getLength()获取数据

2．TCP有连接，区分客户端和服务器

    客户端socket(服务器ip，服务器端口号);

    服务器ServerSocket（端口号）;

    服务器通过accpet()连接，两边通过getInputStream(),getOutputStream()进行读写。也可以通过getPort(),getInetAddress().getHostAddress()获得端口号和ＩＰ。

    3.练习

public class Excise3chats1 {
Frame f =new Frame("聊天室");
Panel p1=new Panel();
Panel p2=new Panel();
TextArea text1=new TextArea();
TextArea text2=new TextArea(5,3);

TextField tf=new TextField(15);
Button sendButton=new Button("发送");
Button clsButton=new Button("清除");
Button chatButton=new Button("聊天记录");
Button shakeButton=new Button("震动");
Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();

DatagramSocket socket;
Writer writer;

public Excise3chats1() {
   generateGUI();
   handleEvent();
   new ReceiveThread().start();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}


private void handleEvent() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
socket.close();
writer.close();
f.dispose();

} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}finally{
System.exit(0);
}


}
});
sendButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){


public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
send();
}
});
text2.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter(){


public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
{
send();
e.consume();
}
}
});
clsButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){


public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
text1.setText("");

}

});
chatButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){


public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
writer.flush();
BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new FileReader("log.txt"));
System.out.println("sdfs");
String line;
while((line=read.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("d");
text1.append(line+"\r\n");
System.out.println("e");
}
} catch (Exception e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}

});
shakeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){


public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String ip=tf.getText();
DatagramSocket socket;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket();
DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(new byte[]{-1},new byte[]{-1}.length,InetAddress.getByName(ip),8888);
socket.send(packet);
} catch (Exception e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}

}

});


}
private void send() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String ip=tf.getText();
String smg=text2.getText();
ip="".equals(ip)?"255.255.255.255":ip;
if(smg.length()==0)
return;
String regexPart="(\\d)|(\\d{2})|([01]\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(25[0-5])";
String ipRegex=regexPart+"\\."+regexPart+"\\."+regexPart+"\\."+regexPart;
if(!ip.matches(ipRegex))
return;
try {
socket=new DatagramSocket();
DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(smg.getBytes(),smg.getBytes().length,InetAddress.getByName(ip),8888);
lock.lock();
socket.send(packet);
String date=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
String content=date+"我向"+ip+"发送"+"\r\n"+smg+"\r\n\r\n";
text1.append(content);
writer.write(content);
text2.setText("");
} 
catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
lock.unlock();
}

}


private void generateGUI() {
f.setSize(400, 600);
   f.setLocation(300, 50);
   f.setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage("1.png"));
   f.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
   text1.setEditable(false);
   text1.setBackground(Color.white);
   tf.setText("255.255.255.255");
   
   p1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
   p1.add(text1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
   p1.add(text2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
   
//   
   p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
   p2.add(tf);
   p2.add(sendButton);
   p2.add(clsButton);
   p2.add(chatButton);
   p2.add(shakeButton);
   
   
   f.add(p1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
   f.add(p2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
//    p1.setVisible(true);
//    p2.setVisible(true);
   f.setVisible(true);
   try {
writer=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("log.txt"));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}


/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new  Excise3chats1();
}
class ReceiveThread extends Thread{
public void run(){
try {
DatagramSocket rsocket=new DatagramSocket(8888);
DatagramPacket rpacket=new DatagramPacket(new byte[1024],1024);
while(true){
rsocket.receive(rpacket);
if(rpacket.getLength()==1 && rpacket.getData()[0]==-1){
doShake();
continue;
}

String rsmg=new String(rpacket.getData(),0,rpacket.getLength());
String date=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
String rip=rpacket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
String content=date+"我收到"+rip+"的消息"+"\r\n"+rsmg+"\r\n\r\n";
lock.lock();
try{
text1.append(content);
writer.write(content);
}finally{
lock.unlock();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

}


private void doShake() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int x=f.getLocation().x;
int y=f.getLocation().y;
f.toFront();
f.setVisible(true);
try {
f.setLocation(x-20, y-20);
Thread.sleep(20);
f.setLocation(x+20, y+20);
Thread.sleep(20);
f.setLocation(x+20, y-20);
Thread.sleep(20);
f.setLocation(x-20, y+20);
Thread.sleep(20);
f.setLocation(x-20, y-20);
Thread.sleep(20);
f.setLocation(x, y);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

}
}


}