AUDIT_TRAIL
Property | Description |
---|---|
Parameter type | String |
Syntax | AUDIT_TRAIL = { none | os | db [, extended] | xml [, extended] } |
Default value | none |
Modifiable | No |
Basic | No |
AUDIT_TRAIL enables or disables database auditing.
Values:
-
none
Disables standard auditing. This value is the default if the AUDIT_TRAIL parameter was not set in the initialization parameter file or if you created the database using a method other than Database Configuration Assistant. If you created the database using Database Configuration Assistant, then the default is db.
-
os
Directs all audit records to an operating system file. Oracle recommends that you use the os setting, particularly if you are using an ultra-secure database configuration.
-
db
Directs audit records to the database audit trail (the SYS.AUD$ table), except for records that are always written to the operating system audit trail. Use this setting for a general database for manageability.
If the database was started in read-only mode with AUDIT_TRAIL set to db, then Oracle Database internally sets AUDIT_TRAIL to os. Check the alert log for details.
-
db, extended
Performs all actions of AUDIT_TRAIL=db, and also populates the SQL bind and SQL text CLOB-type columns of the SYS.AUD$ table, when available. These two columns are populated only when this parameter is specified.
If the database was started in read-only mode with AUDIT_TRAIL set to db, extended, then Oracle Database internally sets AUDIT_TRAIL to os. Check the alert log for details.
-
xml
Writes to the operating system audit record file in XML format. Records all elements of the AuditRecord node except Sql_Text and Sql_Bind to the operating system XML audit file.
-
xml, extended
Performs all actions of AUDIT_TRAIL=xml, and populates the SQL bind and SQL text CLOB-type columns of the SYS.AUD$ table, wherever possible. These columns are populated only when this parameter is specified.
You can use the SQL AUDIT statement to set auditing options regardless of the setting of this parameter.
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