oracle10g_rman_语法测试_2

--ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE
--用于change,delete,crosscheck
限制:
1,仅用于rman提示符下,不能用于run中
2,数据库必须打开
3,不能指定通道id
4,不能分配通道到一个共享会话
5,手工分配通道(维护与正常)不能与自动通道分配混用,只能显式指定
6,通道格式为ora_maint_devicetype_n

RMAN> allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_MAINT_DISK_1
channel ORA_MAINT_DISK_1: sid=135 devtype=DISK

RMAN> crosscheck backup of database;
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> delete noprompt backup of database;--删除数据库的备份
RMAN> delete noprompt backup ;--删除备份

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE sbt;
DELETE NOPROMPT BACKUP OF DATABASE COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7';---删除七号前的数据库备份

--利用configure配置永久型配置,只要不是显式指定,就会使用configure的配置
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format='/oracle/auto/backup_%U';

RMAN> run
2> {
3> backup database;
4> }

connect --rac中
send   --发实与介质特有的
maxopenfiles
maxpiecesize
rate


不完全恢复后的resetlogs
run
{
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
set until scn 1024;
restore database;
recover database;
alter database open resetlogs;
}


--
configure controlfile autobackup on;--开户控制文件自动备份，只要你backup database后


RMAN> backup device type disk database;

fileperset  ---每个备份集中的文件数

force ---配备了它，就忽略configure backup optimization on;

RMAN> backup incremental level=0 database;--它类同于全库备份，但它是其它增量备份的基础
RMAN> backup incremental level=1 database; --如果没有0 level备份，rman会自动进行0级备份
－－rman不支持控制文件，归档日志文件和备份集
RMAN> backup incremental level=1  datafile 1; ---对象可为datafile,datafilecopy,tablepace,database
--INCREMENTAL FROM SCN=  ---用于在standby database应用主库的归档日志，呵呵
maxsetsize ---指定备份集的大小

backup nochecksum datafile 3;  ---nochecksum选项跟在backup后,db_block_checksum

RMAN> backup database skip offline; --offline也可为readonly 或inaccessable
RMAN> backup validate database; --validate 验证是否可以备份，不能对备份集进行validate

--RECOVERY AREA | DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
backup recovery area;--仅于sbt,RECOVERY FILES相同
DELETE [ALL] INPUT  --all仅用于archive log
RMAN>  backup database include current controlfile;---后可加上for standby
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1;　－－－一对一的文件copy，只用于disk channel的备份

RMAN> backup as backupset database;--对备份集进行备份,AS BACKUPSET 用于到 sbt
RMAN> backup copy of datafile 1; ---对数据文件1的copy再作一个备份,datafile可换为tablespace,database
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format='/oracle/newly_%U';
rman>backup datafilecopy 镜像文件备份文件|all|like ''|from tag







# Run once a week to back up database to disk as level 0:
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE;--0级备份

# Run every day to back up blocks that have changed since most recent level 0 or 1:
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE DATABASE;--累积备份
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DIFFERENTIAL TABLESPACE users;--差异备份


RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative skip readonly database; ---增量备份数据库，加上skip选项


----把相关的文件搞成一个备份集
RMAN> run
2> {
3> backup as backupset
4> (tablespace zxy)
5> (datafile 2);
6> }

--对相关文件进行镜像备份
RMAN> run
2> {
3> backup as copy (tablespace zxy) ( datafile 4);}


--查到数据文件的镜像拷贝，存储到/copies目录
BACKUP AS COPY
   FROM TAG 'LATESTCOPY'
  COPY OF DATAFILE 4, 6, 14
  FORMAT '/copies/Datafile%f_Database%d';


MAN> backup archivelog all format '/oracle/arch_%U';


RMAN> backup archivelog like '/oracle/flash_recovery_area%' delete all input;--利用like备份归档日志，然后删除归档日志

BACKUP DEVICE TYPE disk  BACKUPSET COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-14'  --只备份14天前的备份集
  DELETE INPUT;


RMAN> configure default device type to disk;---配置默认备份设备

RMAN> backup copies 2 tablespace zxy format '/oracle/bak1_%U','/oracle/bak2_%U';---备份(datafile,tablespace,database)时同时进行两分备份


RUN
{
  ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE sbt PARMS="ENV=(NSR_SERVER=tape_server_1)"; --指定不同的通道，
  ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch2 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
  ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch3 DEVICE TYPE sbt PARMS="ENV=(NSR_SERVER=tape_server_2)";
  BACKUP
    (DATAFILE 1,2,3,4        # channel ch1 backs up datafiles to tape drive #1  ---把不同的备份指定到不同以上定义的通道
    CHANNEL ch1)
    (CONTROLFILECOPY '/oracle/copy/cf.f'
    CHANNEL ch2)             # channel ch2 backs up control file copy to disk
    (ARCHIVELOG FROM TIME 'SYSDATE-14'
    CHANNEL ch3);            # channel ch3 backs up archived redo logs to tape drive #2
}


---在主库生成增量备份，用于应用在备库上
backup incremental from scn 788 database format '/oracle/tmp_U';


---备份数据文件3，可以容忍2个块损坏
run
{
set maxcorrupt for datafile 3 to 2;
backup check logical
datafile 3;
}

--对数据库的镜像拷贝（标记为zxy)，作一个备份到默认位置，生成标记为duptest，然后实行逻辑检查
backup as copy copy of database from tag 'zxy' check logical tag 'duptest';


SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
BACKUP DATABASE
  KEEP UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE+365'  --利用keep和nologs使生成的备份集从保持日期中免除（物殊化）,或者永远免除keep forever nologs
  NOLOGS;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;



－－备份需要备份的文件
backup device type disk database not backed up since time 'sysdate -31';--备份一个月来没有备份
BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt ARCHIVELOG ALL NOT BACKED UP 2 TIMES;－－－只备份没有备份两次的归档日志

RMAN> backup datafilecopy all; --备份所有数据文件镜像拷贝

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