oracle performance tuning性能优化学习系列(四)

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-19 23:08:55 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-05-19 23:08:55 发布
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文章标签： 数据库 内存管理 java

CPU Statistics
1,获取整个系统的cpu使用情况
2,获取多处理器环境的每个独立cpu的使用情况
3,大多os关于cpu usage用时在user space or mode and kernel space or mode(即用户和内核模式)
4,当然还有一些额外的信息体现，进一步分析cpu正在作什么工作
5,在oracle运行的os中，以一个应用为例；系统活动基本运行在用户模式下
6,为了处理数据库请求的活动,比如调度，同步，io,内存管理,进线程分配和释放，则运行于内核模式下
7,oracle建议对于一个充分利用cpu的系统，65-95% cpu运行于用户模式

--示例：
---处于空闲和繁忙状态的时间，注意：是累计;user_time为用户模式;avg前缀为平均空闲相关的时间；非累计;
--num_cpu_cores为cpu核数；物理内存大小;vm前缀为交换产生页出和页入的大小
--调优原则：user_time/(user_time+sys_time) 位于65-95%之间,说明合理
-----------如果busy_time远小于idle_time说明系统很空闲，否则说明系统很忙
-----------如果vm太多，说明交换活动太多，增加交换分区
SQL> select * from v$osstat;
 
STAT_NAME                                                             VALUE  OSSTAT_ID COMMENTS                                                         CUMULATIVE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
NUM_CPUS                                                                  4          0 Number of active CPUs                                            NO
IDLE_TIME                                                             20361          1 Time (centi-secs) that CPUs have been in the idle state          YES
BUSY_TIME                                                              1368          2 Time (centi-secs) that CPUs have been in the busy state          YES
USER_TIME                                                               919          3 Time (centi-secs) spent in user code                             YES
SYS_TIME                                                                449          4 Time (centi-secs) spent in the kernel                            YES
AVG_IDLE_TIME                                                          5088          7 Average time (centi-secs) that CPUs have been in the idle state  NO
AVG_BUSY_TIME                                                           340          8 Average time (centi-secs) that CPUs have been in the busy state  NO
AVG_USER_TIME                                                           229          9 Average time (centi-secs) spent in user code                     NO
AVG_SYS_TIME                                                            111         10 Average time (centi-secs) spent in the kernel                    NO
RSRC_MGR_CPU_WAIT_TIME                                                    0         14 Time (centi-secs) processes spent in the runnable state waiting  YES
NUM_CPU_CORES                                                             2         16 Number of CPU cores                                              NO
NUM_CPU_SOCKETS                                                           1         17 Number of physical CPU sockets                                   NO
PHYSICAL_MEMORY_BYTES                                            4196536320       1008 Physical memory size in bytes                                    NO
VM_IN_BYTES                                                      3.56224175       1009 Bytes paged in due to virtual memory swapping                    YES
VM_OUT_BYTES                                                     1.84451431       1010 Bytes paged out due to virtual memory swapping                   YES
 
15 rows selected

--v$sysmetric_history存储1小时的历史数据，每1分钟采样一次；采样各个度量的指标数据
SQL> select max(to_char(begin_time,'yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss')),min(to_char(begin_time,'yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss')) from v$sysmetric_history;
 
MAX(TO_CHAR(BEGIN_TIME,'YYYYMM MIN(TO_CHAR(BEGIN_TIME,'YYYYMM
------------------------------ ------------------------------
20130311 13:07:56              20130311 12:06:56


--度量分组
SQL> select count(*) from v$metricgroup;
 
  COUNT(*)
----------
        14
 

--度量隶属于上述的度量分组
SQL> select  count(distinct metric_name) from v$metricname;
 
COUNT(DISTINCTMETRIC_NAME)
--------------------------
                       220
 
--度量历史表
SQL> select count(distinct metric_name) from v$sysmetric_history;
 
COUNT(DISTINCTMETRIC_NAME)
--------------------------
                       158
                      
--查询一个时间范围主机cpu的使用率,如下说明cpu很idle                      
SQL> select * from v$sysmetric_history uh where uh.METRIC_NAME like '%Host CPU Utilization (%)%';
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME                                                           VALUE METRIC_UNIT
----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         3.71051312 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.47377878 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         3.60650257 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.61167523 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         3.70215610 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.27235371 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         4.87672377 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         1.96381565 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         3.53919438 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.71591526 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6064          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         4.06926406 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5980          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         3.23592123 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5960          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         6.91620907 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         4.48559842 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.35874255 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.17209690 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         2.41190486 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         0.51770207 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         0.48888517 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2057 Host CPU Utilization (%)                                         0.45587620 % Busy/(Idle+Busy)
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME    

--如下查询oracle使用的cpu比率,用如上和如下可以判断到底是什么原因导致cpu出现问题；即到底是主机活动问题或是oracle导致
SQL> select * from v$sys_time_model;
 
   STAT_ID STAT_NAME                                                             VALUE
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3649082374 DB time                                                          5365952069
2748282437 DB CPU                                                             12230459
4157170894 background elapsed time                                           166631594
2451517896 background cpu time                                                 9812454
4127043053 sequence load elapsed time                                            66275
1431595225 parse time elapsed                                                 18772863
 372226525 hard parse elapsed time                                            18220556
2821698184 sql execute elapsed time                                           50648806
1990024365 connection management call elapsed time                              205212
1824284809 failed parse elapsed time                                            160366
4125607023 failed parse (out of shared memory) elapsed time                          0
3138706091 hard parse (sharing criteria) elapsed time                           177374
 268357648 hard parse (bind mismatch) elapsed time                                5091
2643905994 PL/SQL execution elapsed time                                       3313276
 290749718 inbound PL/SQL rpc elapsed time                                           0
1311180441 PL/SQL compilation elapsed time                                     4685801
 751169994 Java execution elapsed time                                               0
1159091985 repeated bind elapsed time                                            27650
2411117902 RMAN cpu time (backup/restore)                                            0
 
19 rows selected            

--查询数据库cpu time比率，即cpu/db_time;而db_time为cpu time+等待非空闲事件的等待时间
SQL> select * from v$sysmetric_history uh where uh.METRIC_NAME like '%Database CPU Time Ratio%';
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME                                                           VALUE METRIC_UNIT
----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          132.944725 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          64.9215531 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5981          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          78.2051564 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          63.0991384 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          181.930029 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          52.3636363 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          80.7955251 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          126.985603 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          45.1412449 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6064          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5980          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5960          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME                                                           VALUE METRIC_UNIT
----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          60.2107375 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          83.6541864 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          153.001176 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          90.2229548 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          151.883945 % Cpu/DB_Time
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME                                                           VALUE METRIC_UNIT
----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          129.310344 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5982          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         5983          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         6084          2       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          134.401654 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
 
BEGIN_TIME  END_TIME    INTSIZE_CSEC   GROUP_ID  METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME                                                           VALUE METRIC_UNIT
----------- ----------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          54.6831183 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1420          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          207.013236 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1420          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                          66.3886288 % Cpu/DB_Time
2013/3/11 1 2013/3/11 1         1521          3       2108 Database CPU Time Ratio                                                   0 % Cpu/DB_Time
 
74 rows selected

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SET DEF ^ SET AUTOPRINT ON SET ECHO OFF FEED OFF VER OFF SHOW OFF HEA OFF LIN 2000 NEWP NONE PAGES 0 SQLC MIX TAB ON TRIMS ON TI OFF TIMI OFF ARRAY 100 NUMF "" SQLP SQL> SUF sql BLO . RECSEP OFF APPI OFF; SET LONG 20000 LONGCHUNK 20000 COL database_nam
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– 强制走索引 explain plan for select /+index(t IND_PS_NCOMEPAYOUT_ALS_YJFKSJ)/ select * from user – 查询执行计划 EXPLAIN PLAN FOR SELECT * FROM user; SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY); –1.执行 alter session set statistics_level=all; –2.执行SQL语句： SELECT *from user
oracle performance tuning guide
最新发布
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Oracle性能调优指南是一本有关Oracle数据库性能优化的指南。它提供了关于如何识别和解决数据库性能问题的详细指导。 这本指南包括了许多关键的主题，包括硬件和操作系统的优化、数据库设计和规范、SQL语句优化和...

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