结论
1，数据库测试环境为10.2.0.52，dba_segments可以反映数据库实时大小的变化
3, v$rman_output记录RMAN客户端连接到数据库形成的数据库会话，经测发现RMAN客户端连接会形成2个会话，在备份会增加到3个会话
4，官方说，RMAN的备份不能跨操作系统平台，但可以跨数据库版本，可见RMAN备份也不能万能的，如果跨平台恢复采用什么技术呢，是EXPDP还是OGG，
也是我们要考虑的因素
5，如果在RMAN备份后，变更DB_NAME仍可以用于恢复数据库，可见DBID才是确认数据库备份集唯一的标识
6，数据库的0级增量备份等同于全库备份，不过前者是增量备份的基础，而后者不是
7，1级增量备份只会备份数据库变更的数据块，它又分为累积备份或者差异备份
先说累积备份，它只会备份自最近一次0级增量备份后发生变化的数据块
再看差异备份，它只会备份自最近一次0级增量备份或最近一次1级增量备份，发生变化的数据块
而且可以在主备库（DATA GUARD），可以把在备库的1级备份应用到主库的0级备份上，或者在主库把1级备份应用到备库的0级备份上
，可见在DG环境下，备份是可以互用的
8，0级增量备份可以是镜像备份，也可以是备份集，但是1级增量备份只能是备份集
9，经查官方及测试，只能对数据文件，或数据文件镜像或控制文件进行镜像COPY,而不能对整个数据库进行镜像COPY,且镜像COPY某个数据文件，会同时COPY控制文件，所以创建的文件名要是一个变量名称，而不能固定文件名称
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy';
测试
SQL> select * from v$version where rownum=1;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi
SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;
TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
.553833008
SQL> show user
USER is "SCOTT"
SQL> create table t_rman(a int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into t_rman select level from dual connect by level<=1000000;
1000000 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> insert into t_rman select level from dual connect by level<=1000000;
1000000 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
---可见dba_segments是实时反映数据库的大小的
SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;
TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
.587341309
---为了方便，加大数据量到1G左右
SQL> create table t_rman_2 as select * from t_rman;
Table created.
SQL> create table t_rman_3 as select * from t_rman;
Table created.
SQL> create table t_rman_4 as select * from t_rman;
Table created.
SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;
TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
1.01141357
---官方说，RMAN不会备份BFILE的表
SQL> conn scott/system
Connected.
SQL> create table t_bfile(a bfile);
Table created.
SQL> conn scott/system
Connected.
---bfile列查询会报错，不能直接查询
SQL> select * from t_bfile;
SP2-0678: Column or attribute type can not be displayed by SQL*Plus
SQL> select count(*) from t_bfile;
COUNT(*)
----------
0
SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
RMAN> backup datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak tag=TAG20151207T083820 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
---学习下v$rman_output
SQL> desc v$rman_output;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
SID NUMBER
RECID NUMBER
STAMP NUMBER
SESSION_RECID NUMBER
SESSION_STAMP NUMBER
OUTPUT VARCHAR2(130)
RMAN_STATUS_RECID NUMBER
RMAN_STATUS_STAMP NUMBER
SESSION_KEY NUMBER
SQL> select sid,recid,session_recid from v$rman_output;
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 1 4
145 2 4
145 3 4
145 4 4
145 5 4
145 6 4
145 7 4
145 8 4
145 9 4
145 10 4
145 11 4
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 12 4
145 13 4
145 14 4
145 15 4
145 16 4
16 rows selected.
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';
SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client
[ora10g@seconary 10garch]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Dec 7 10:55:03 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ASIA (DBID=1160891135)
RMAN>
---可会一个RMAN连接会产生2个ORACLE会话
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';
SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client
RMAN> backup datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
---可见开始RMAN备份时，相应会话会增加到3个
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';
SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
145 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) RMAN backup & recovery I/O
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak tag=TAG20151207T105545 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
---可见RMAN备份完，还是之前的3个会话
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';
SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
145 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client
---可见上述的RMAN会话会在v$rman_output反应记录来，且每个rman会话会对应多条记录，好像还有一个RMAN会话没有存储在V$RMAN_output中
SQL> select sid,recid,session_recid from v$rman_output where sid in (143,144,145) order by 1,2;
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
143 20 6
143 21 6
143 22 6
143 23 6
143 24 6
143 25 7
143 26 7
143 27 7
143 28 7
143 29 7
143 30 7
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
143 31 7
143 32 7
143 33 7
143 34 7
143 35 7
143 36 7
143 37 7
143 38 7
143 39 7
143 40 7
145 1 4
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 2 4
145 3 4
145 4 4
145 5 4
145 6 4
145 7 4
145 8 4
145 9 4
145 10 4
145 11 4
145 12 4
SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 13 4
145 14 4
145 15 4
145 16 4
145 17 4
145 18 4
145 19 4
40 rows selected.
---数据库的0级增量备份等同于全库备份，不过前者是增量备份的基础，而后者不是
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak tag=TAG20151207T113925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_05qo7dm3_5.bak tag=TAG20151207T113925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
---1级增量备份只会备份数据库变更的数据块，它又分为累积备份或者差异备份
先说累积备份，它只会备份自最近一次0级增量备份后发生变化的数据块
再看差异备份，它只会备份自最近一次0级增量备份或最近一次1级增量备份，发生变化的数据块
而且可以在主备库（DATA GUARD），可以把在备库的1级备份应用到主库的0级备份上，或者在主库把1级备份应用到备库的0级备份上
，可见在DG环境下，备份是可以互用的
---0级增量备份可以是镜像备份，也可以是备份集，但是1级增量备份只能是备份集
---基于上述的测试环境继续，下为0级增量备份后（以备份集方式进行）进行数据库变操作
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:28 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T083820
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295373387 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:24 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T105545
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295376855 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Incr 0 873.69M DISK 00:01:17 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T113925
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
SQL> create table t_diff(a int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into t_diff values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
RMAN> backup cumulative incremental level 1 database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak tag=TAG20151207T123449 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_07qo7gt0_7.bak tag=TAG20151207T123449 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:28 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T083820
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295373387 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:24 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T105545
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295376855 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Incr 0 873.69M DISK 00:01:17 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T113925
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- ---这个就是上述新增的1级累积增量备份集
5 Incr 1 2.76M DISK 00:00:54 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T123449
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 5
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
---现在我们删除所有的数据库备份集，然后开始测试0级增量备份采用镜像备份方式进行
RMAN> delete noprompt backup of database;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
3 3 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
5 5 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak recid=1 stamp=897813500
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak recid=2 stamp=897821745
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak recid=3 stamp=897824365
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak recid=5 stamp=897827689
Deleted 4 objects
---crosscheck试用场景，还要进一步理解，掌握不足
RMAN> crosscheck backup of database;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> crosscheck backupset;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_05qo7dm3_5.bak recid=4 stamp=897824453
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_07qo7gt0_7.bak recid=6 stamp=897827746
Crosschecked 2 objects
SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
---经查官方及测试，只能对数据文件，或数据文件镜像或控制文件进行镜像COPY,而不能对整个数据库进行镜像COPY,且镜像COPY某个数据文件，会同时COPY控制文件，所以创建的文件名要是一个变量名称，而不能固定文件名称
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy tag=TAG20151207T125850 recid=1 stamp=897829151
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/07/2015 12:59:15
ORA-01580: error creating control backup file /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/07/2015 12:59:18
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy"
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 recid=2 stamp=897829361
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0eqo7ifm_14.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 recid=3 stamp=897829367
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0fqo7ifn_15.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
--可见list backup of database只会显示备份集文件，而不会显示镜像COPY文件
RMAN> list backup of database;
--如下 显示镜像COPY文件
RMAN> list copy of database;
List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
2 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379983 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak
1 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379848 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy
RMAN> list copy of datafile 1;
List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
2 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379983 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak
1 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379848 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 2 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file2_copy_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file2_copy_0gqo7ijr_16.bak tag=TAG20151207T130458 recid=4 stamp=897829514
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 3 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file3_copy_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file3_copy_0hqo7ilk_17.bak tag=TAG20151207T130556 recid=5 stamp=897829566
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_copy_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_copy_0iqo7imq_18.bak tag=TAG20151207T130634 recid=6 stamp=897829613
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
---可见0级增量备份也可以是每个数据文件的镜像COPY
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';
Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0jqo7ipo_19.bak tag=TAG20151207T130808 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0kqo7iuk_20.bak tag=TAG20151207T130808 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Incr 1 1.15G DISK 00:02:34 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T130808
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0jqo7ipo_19.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/9240380/viewspace-1869434/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/9240380/viewspace-1869434/
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