#!/usr/bin/env的问题

#!/usr/bin/php          是告诉操作系统执行这个脚本的时候，调用/usr/bin下的php解释器；
#!/usr/bin/env php   这种用法是为了防止操作系统用户没有将php装在默认的/usr/bin路径里。当系统看到这一行的时候，首先会到env设置里查找python的安装路径，再调用对应路径下的解释器程序完成操作。

 最近在写PHP脚本发现有些同事脚本有这么个写法，长见识了，google了一下，弄明白啥意思了分享下：
    Probably the most common use of env is to find the correct interpreter
    for a script, when the interpreter may be in different directories on
    different systems.   The following example will find the `perl' inter-
    preter by searching through the directories specified by PATH.

          #!/usr/bin/env perl

    One limitation of that example is that it assumes the user's value for
    PATH is set to a value which will find the interpreter you want to exe-
    cute.   The -P option can be used to make sure a specific list of directo-
    ries is used in the search for utility.   Note that the -S option is also
    required for this example to work correctly.

          #!/usr/bin/env -S -P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin perl

    The above finds `perl' only if it is in /usr/local/bin or /usr/bin.   That
    could be combined with the present value of PATH, to provide more flexi-
    bility.   Note that spaces are not required between the -S and -P options:

          #!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} perl

这种写法主要是为了让你的程序在不同的系统上都能适用。
不管你的perl是在/usr/bin/perl还是/usr/local/bin/perl，#!/usr/bin/env perl会自动的在你的用户PATH变量中所定义的目录中寻找perl来执行的。
还可以加上-P参数来指定一些目录去寻找perl这个程序，#!/usr/bin/env -S -P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin perl的作用就是在/usr/local/bin和/usr/bin目录下寻找perl。
为了让程序更加的有可扩展性，可以写成#!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} perl，那么它除了在这两个目录寻找之外，还会在PATH变量中定义的目录中寻找。

同样的php也适用， #!/usr/bin/php写成 #!/usr/bin/env php会好些，当然更好的是#!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} php