ORACLE RAC TO RAC DG搭建过程中可能遇到的问题

    在ORACLE DataGuard部署过程中，如果操作不规范，可能遇到很多想不到的问题。有些问题是配置参数不到位，有些

是操作不规范遗漏导致。

    问题一

    主库复制备库到备机时，rman远程登陆主库作为复制的目标库rman无法登陆备机备库，就是下面的命令执行报错：

rman target sys/oracle@dg_orclp auxiliary sys/oracle@dg_orcls

问题原始是从库的TNS配置不规范，缺少(UR=A)，示例配置

DG_ORCLS =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.10.101.36)(PORT = 1521))

      (LOAD_BALANCE = off)

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME =DG_ORCLS)

      ( UR=A )

    )

  )

    问题二

    主库复制备库到备机时，rman执行duplicat的时，duplicat过程执行报错 ORA-17629&ORA-17627&ORA-17629 ：

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

Starting Duplicate Db at 2019-03-10 11:38:4

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=1811 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

contents of Memory Script:

{

   backup as copy reuse

   targetfile  '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/orapworcl1' auxiliary format 

 '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/orapworcl1'   ;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 2019-03-10 11:38:43

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=4533 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 03/10/2019 11:38:45

RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database

RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 03/10/2019 11:38:45

ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server

ORA-17627: ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server

RMAN> 

这个问题比较有趣，配置好TNS后，通过ttnsping和sqlplus sys/oracle@to_orcl as sysdba都正常，就是rman的

dumplicat进行从库的复制时报错。该问题的原因是备库的TNS配置中的服务名和主库备库中的log_archive_config='

dg_config=()'参数中配置的服务名不一致导致，或者是主库以alter system方式修改了log_archive_config='dg_config'

，数据库没有重启，因为log_archive_config参数是静态参数，需要重启数据库服务才能生效。    

    问题三

    在备机通过rman复制主库的时，rman复制过程报错： RMAN-03009&ORA-17628 ：

Starting backup at 2019-03-10 12:56:20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00003 name=+DGSYSTEM/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.261.876856357

output file name=+DGSYSTEM/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.340.1002545783 tag=TAG20190310T124734

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:02:55

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004 name=+DGSYSTEM/orcl/datafile/undotbs2.263.876856383

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 03/10/2019 12:59:21

ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server

continuing other job steps,  job failed will not be re-run

该问题十分严重，通过job failed will not be re-run可以得知，此次的DG复制完全失败了。此问题的原因是存放数据文件

相关的ASM磁盘组空间耗尽导致的，因此，在DG主备库开始配置之前，一定要评估好备库的存储并规划好，避免这种因存

储空间问题导致DG复制失败的发生。

    问题四

    DG备库复制完主库后，备库alert日志告警登陆主库被拒绝，主库告警日志提示登陆备库失败。

--备库告警日志

Thu Mar 14 06:51:40 2019

RFS[252]: Assigned to RFS process 3408762

RFS[252]: Opened log for thread 2 sequence 23863 dbid -2091533043 branch 876856333

Thu Mar 14 06:51:42 2019

2019-03-14 06:51:42 logon denied from 172.10.101.61 5964584 oracle with oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ¨C oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ===username=

Thu Mar 14 06:51:42 2019

2019-03-14 06:51:42 logon denied from 172.10.101.61 13697046 oracle with oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ¨C oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ===username=

Thu Mar 14 06:51:43 2019

2019-03-14 06:51:43 logon denied from 172.10.101.61 10486550 oracle with oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ¨C oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ===username=

Thu Mar 14 06:51:43 2019

2019-03-14 06:51:43 logon denied from 172.10.101.61 7274758 oracle with oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ¨C oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ===username=

Thu Mar 14 06:51:43 2019

2019-03-14 06:51:43 logon denied from 172.10.101.61 14156172 oracle with oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ¨C oracle@orcl01 (TNS V1-V3) ===username=

--主库告警日志

Thu Mar 14 09:13:45 2019

Error 1017 received logging on to the standby

------------------------------------------------------------

Check that the primary and standby are using a password file

and remote_login_passwordfile is set to SHARED or EXCLUSIVE, 

and that the SYS password is same in the password files.

returning error ORA-16191

Error 16191 for archive log file 3 to 'TO_standby'

Thu Mar 14 15:49:10 2019

Archived Log entry 203881 added for thread 2 sequence 59940 ID 0x53e28673 dest 1:

Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl2/trace/orcl2_nsa2_2753334.trc:

ORA-16191: Primary log shipping client not logged on standby

Thu Mar 14 15:49:10 2019

ARCb: Archival destination is a Primary RAC instance: 'TO_standby'

该问题十分严重，会导致备库同步进程抓取归档日志失败。但是，导致该问题的原因是主备库的sys密码文件不一致导致，可

能是搭建过程中有人修改了sys密码，处理该问题的方法比较简单，从集群主库任意节点同步sys密码文件即可。

    问题五

    另外，在DG搭建过程中，可能遇到grid或者oracle通过lsnrctl查看监听状态的时候看到很多服务名，其中有很多l类似：

SYS$SYS.KUPC$C_1_20170318000713.ORCL，sys登陆sqlplus，show parameter service可以发现：

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

service_names                        string      SYS$SYS.KUPC$C_1_20170318000713.orcl.US.ORACLE.COM,  

                                                SYS$SYS.KUPC$C_1_20170405000711.orcl.US.ORACLE.COM,

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170314000710.ORCL, 

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170318000713.ORCL,                                                  

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170323000707.ORCL, 

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170331000709.ORCL, 

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170403000701.ORCL,

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$S_1_20170405000711.ORCL, 

                                                 SYS$SYS.KUPC$C_1_20170314000710.ORCL......

导致该问题的原因是expdp或者impdp被异常终端导致，可以重置service_names或者重启数据库服务加以解决。

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