rman中RETENTION POLICY和BACKUP OPTIMIZATION的制约关系！

更详细的内容可以参考doc：

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/backup.102/b14191/rcmconc1.htm#sthref247

本文只针对RETENTION POLICY和BACKUP OPTIMIZATION以及结合043中的一道题做一个简单的说明，这道题在群内问起的人很多，确实不是很好理解。

[@more@]

先看一下doc吧：

If backup optimization is enabled, and if a recovery window retention policy is in
effect, then when performing SBT backups RMAN always backs up datafiles whose
most recent backup is older than the recovery window. For example, assume that:
■ Today is February 21.
■ The recovery window is 7 days.
■ The most recent backup of tablespace tools to tape is January 3.
■ Tablespace tools is read-only.
On February 21, when you issue a command to back up tablespace tools to tape,
RMAN backs it up even though it did not change after the January 3 backup (because
it is read-only). RMAN makes the backup because no backup of the tablespace exists
within the 7-day recovery window.
This behavior allows the media manager to expire old tapes. Otherwise, the media
manager would be forced to keep the January 3 backup of tablespace tools
indefinitely. By making a more recent backup of tablespace tools on February 21,
RMAN allows the media manager to expire the tape containing the obsolete January 3
backup.

--===========================================

题目如下：

You set the recovery window to seven days and the backup optimization to ON using the
CONFIGURE command of Recovery Manager (RMAN). The most recent backup of the TOOLS
tablespace to disk was taken on January 3. The TOOLS tablespace is read-only.
On February 21, when you execute a command to back up all the tablespaces to disk, you find
that RMAN backs up the TOOLS tablespace also, even though the contents of the tablespace
have not changed after the backup on January 3.
Because there are no changes made to the TOOLS tablespace, you decide that the tablespace
should not be backed up by RMAN. What can you do to skip backing up the TOOLS tablespace
without changing the current backup optimization setting?
A. configure a default device for RMAN backups
B. temporarily disable the retention policy for RMAN backups
C. configure automatic channel allocation for RMAN backups
D. use the CONFIGURE command to reconfigure the recovery window to 60 days
--==============================

答案是B没有问题，因为保存策略设定的是7天，1月3号做的备份其实已经过期了，所以在2月21号做备份的时候又备了只读表空间TOOLS，尽管TOOLS的内容没有任何变化。如果1月3号的备份不过期的话，那么此时BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON会发挥作用，就不会在2月21号或者之后的备份中再备份TOOLS表空间，所以说RETENTION POLICY会优先于BACKUP OPTIMIZATION 发挥作用，其实答案D中提到的通过 reconfigure the recovery window to 60 days也可以达到不备份TOOLS表空间的目的，因为修改保存策略为60天之后，1月3号的备份就不过期了，此时BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON发挥作用也会skip对TOOLS的备份，所以此题不是很严密。

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