网站实现功能：
- 通过输入省份编号，应用 Ajax 向服务端（tomcat服务器）发送请求，在服务端从数据库中取出对应信息打回客户端浏览器，局部刷新页面，来获取省份信息（省份名称，省份简称，省份的省会）。
网站结构：
网站预览：
建表语句：
CREATE TABLE `pro` ( `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `jiancheng` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `shenghui` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`));INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('1','河北','冀','石家庄');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('2','山西','晋','太原市');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('3','内蒙古','蒙','呼和浩特市');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('4','辽宁','辽','沈阳');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('5','江苏','苏','南京');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('6','浙江','浙','杭州');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('7','安徽','皖','合肥');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('8','福建','闽','福州');INSERT INTO `pro` VALUES ('9','江西','赣','南昌');
index.jsp（网站欢迎资源文件）：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><html><head> <title>$Title$</title> <%--js代码--%> <script type="text/javascript"> //定义函数，用来将json中的“value”（省份名称，简称，省份省会）输出到对应的三个文本框中 function callBack(josn) { document.getElementById("provinceName").value = josn.provinceName; document.getElementById("provinceJianCheng").value = josn.jianCheng; document.getElementById("provinceShengHui").value = josn.shengHui; } function search() { //1、创建异步对象 var xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); //2、绑定事件 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () { //异步对象把从服务端接受过来的数据处理完 且 网络请求成功 时，执行if内代码 if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) { //通过 xmlHttp.responseText 属性来获取服务端返回的数据 var data = xmlHttp.responseText; //eval函数，可以将字符串转换为json对象（不重要，不用细研究此函数） var josnObj = eval("(" + data + ")"); //调用callBack，将jsonObj中的几个“value”写入到对应文本框中 callBack(josnObj); } }; //3、初始异步对象的请求参数 //获取provinceId文本框的值 var provinceId = document.getElementById("provinceId").value; //发送请求（将省份id参数送到服务端） xmlHttp.open("get", "queryProvinceMessage?provinceId=" + provinceId, true); //4、发送请求 xmlHttp.send(); } </script></head><body><p>通过省份ID来获取省份信息</p><table> <tr> <td>省份编号：</td> <td> <input type="text" id="provinceId"> <input type="button" value="搜索" onclick="search()"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>省份名称：</td> <td>< 海南党政培训 www.fjganxun.cn ;input type="text" id="provinceName"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>省份简称：</td> <td><input type="text" id="provinceJianCheng"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>省会名称：</td> <td><input type="text" id="provinceShengHui"></td> </tr></table></body></html>
com.burnyouth.util.JdbcUtil（JDBC工具类）：
package com.burnyouth.util;import java.sql.*;public class JdbcUtil { static { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private JdbcUtil() { } public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException { return DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/burning_youth" , "root", "888"); } public static void close(Connection connection, Statement statement, ResultSet resultSet) { if (resultSet != null) { try { resultSet.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (statement != null) { try { statement.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (connection != null) { try { connection.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }}
com.burnyouth.entity.Province（省份实体类）：
package com.burnyouth.entity;public class Province { private Integer provinceId; private String provinceName; private String jianCheng; private String shengHui; public Province() { } public Province(Integer provinceId, String provinceName, String jianCheng, String shengHui) { this.provinceId = provinceId; this.provinceName = provinceName; this.jianCheng = jianCheng; this.shengHui = shengHui; } public Integer getProvinceId() { return provinceId; } public void setProvinceId(Integer provinceId) { this.provinceId = provinceId; } public String getProvinceName() { return provinceName; } public void setProvinceName(String provinceName) { this.provinceName = provinceName; } public String getJianCheng() { return jianCheng; } public void setJianCheng(String jianCheng) { this.jianCheng = jianCheng; } public String getShengHui() { return shengHui; } public void setShengHui(String shengHui) { this.shengHui = shengHui; }}
com.burnyouth.dao.ProvinceDao（连接数据库，进行查询操作并返回数据）：
package com.burnyouth.dao;import com.burnyouth.entity.Province;import com.burnyouth.util.JdbcUtil;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;public class ProvinceDao { public ProvinceDao() { } /** * 通过省份id来获取省份信息 * @param provinceId 省份id * @return Province对象 */ public Province queryProvinceById(Integer provinceId) { Connection connection = null; PreparedStatement ps = null; ResultSet resultSet = null; Province province = null; try { connection = JdbcUtil.getConnection(); String sql = "select * from pro where id=?"; ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql); ps.setInt(1, provinceId); resultSet = ps.executeQuery(); if (resultSet.next()) { Integer id = resultSet.getInt("id"); String provinceName = resultSet.getString("name"); String jianCheng = resultSet.getString("jiancheng"); String shengHui = resultSet.getString("shenghui"); province = new Province(id, provinceName, jianCheng, shengHui); } } catch (SQLException var10) { var10.printStackTrace(); } finally { JdbcUtil.close(connection, ps, resultSet); } return province; }}
xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd" version="5.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>QueryProvinceMessageServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.burnyouth.controller.QueryProvinceMessageServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>QueryProvinceMessageServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/queryProvinceMessage</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>
com.burnyouth.controller.QueryProvinceMessageServlet（根据请求参数中的省份id，返回对应的 json 格式的省份信息）：
package com.burnyouth.controller;import com.burnyouth.dao.ProvinceDao;import com.burnyouth.entity.Province;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;public class QueryProvinceMessageServlet extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { String josn = ""; PrintWriter out = null; ProvinceDao dao = new ProvinceDao(); //获取省份id参数 String provinceId = req.getParameter("provinceId"); //当省份id不为null 且省份id不为空字符串 时，执行if内代码 if (provinceId != null && provinceId.trim().length() > 0) { //通过【dao】连接数据库，获取省份信息，并返回具体的省份类 Province province = dao.queryProvinceById(Integer.valueOf(provinceId)); //将字符串转换为json格式的字符串 ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); josn = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(province); } //使浏览器以正确的编译器读取返回的信息 resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8"); //获取输出流 out = resp.getWriter(); //返回信息 out.print(josn); //刷新通道 out.flush(); //关闭通道 out.close(); }}
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