Backup And Recovery User's Guide-从RMAN开始-恢复表空间

可以在数据库打开时在单独的表空间上使用RESTORE TABLESPACE和RECOVER TABLESPACE命令。

此时，必须使需要恢复的表空间脱机，还原和恢复表空间，然后再使表空间联机。

如果不能还原数据文件到新的位置，则使用RMAN的SET NEWNAME命令来指定新的文件名。

然后使用SWITCH DATAFILE ALL命令，等价于使用ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE这个SQL命令来更新控制文件反映新的文件名。

与用户管理的介质恢复不同，不能将联机表空间置于备份模式中。

与用户管理的工具不同，RMAN不需要额外的日志或备份模式，因为它知道数据块的格式。

练习：在数据库打开时，恢复单个的表空间

# 1. 对数据库进行备份 RMAN> backup database; Starting backup at 12-JUL-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/example01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUL-13 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB12/backupset/2013_07_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130712T054632_8xzn3rgk_.bkp tag=TAG20130712T054632 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUL-13 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB12/backupset/2013_07_12/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20130712T054632_8xzn5jod_.bkp tag=TAG20130712T054632 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 12-JUL-13 # 2. 删除users表空间中emp表中的所有数据 sys@TESTDB12>delete  from scott.emp; 14 rows deleted. # 3. 使表空间脱机 RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE'; sql statement: ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE # 4. 还原和恢复表空间(为数据文件指定了新的名字) RMAN> RUN 2> { 3>   SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/users01.dbf' 4>    TO '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/users001.dbf'; 5>   RESTORE TABLESPACE users; 6>   SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;   7>   RECOVER TABLESPACE users; 8> } executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting restore at 12-JUL-13 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/users001.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB12/backupset/2013_07_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130712T054632_8xzn3rgk_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB12/backupset/2013_07_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130712T054632_8xzn3rgk_.bkp tag=TAG20130712T054632 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished restore at 12-JUL-13 datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=820561942 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TestDB12/users001.dbf Starting recover at 12-JUL-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00 Finished recover at 12-JUL-13 # 4. 使表空间联机 MAN> sql 'alter tablespace users online'; sql statement: alter tablespace users online # 5. 查看表空间的内容，数据已经被删除了，说明已经恢了备份之后的操作。

 

可以使用 RESTORE DATAFILE 和 RECOVER DATAFILE 命令在数据文件层次进行恢复。

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