Postgresql中表名、列名、用户名大小写问题

原文： https://blog.csdn.net/pg_hgdb/article/details/79227237

注意：是双引号，单引号可能会被解析成普通字符，因而是不识别的字段

highgo=# create table "ExChange" (id int);
CREATE TABLE
highgo=# create table ExChange (id int);
CREATE TABLE
highgo=# \d
             List of relations
     Schema     |   Name   | Type  | Owner
----------------+----------+-------+--------
 oracle_catalog | dual     | view  | highgo
 public         | ExChange | table | highgo
 public         | exchange | table | highgo
 public         | myt      | table | highgo
 public         | t1       | table | highgo
 public         | tran     | table | highgo
(6 rows)



highgo=# insert into exchange values (1);
INSERT 0 1
highgo=# insert into "ExChange" values (2);
INSERT 0 1

highgo=# select * FROM exchange ;
 id
----
  1
(1 row)
highgo=# select * FROM ExChange ;
 id
----
  1
(1 row)

highgo=# select * FROM "ExChange" ;
 id
----
  2
(1 row)


highgo=# insert into ExChange values (2);
INSERT 0 1
highgo=# select * FROM "ExChange" ;
 id
----
  2
(1 row)

highgo=# select * FROM exchange ;
 id
----
  1
  2
(2 rows)


> 从上面可以看出，如果不加双引号，那么表名都会被转化为小写。如果想要大小写混用，需要添加双引号。



highgo=# create table exchange (ID int,id int);
ERROR:  42701: column "id" specified more than once
highgo=# create table exchange (ID int,name text);
CREATE TABLE
highgo=# select id  from exchange ;
 id
----
(0 rows)

highgo=# select ID  from exchange ;
 id
----
(0 rows)

highgo=# select "ID"  from exchange ;
ERROR:  42703: column "ID" does not exist
LINE 1: select "ID"  from exchange ;

highgo=# \d exchange
   Table "public.exchange"
 Column |  Type   | Modifiers
--------+---------+-----------
 id     | integer |
 name   | text    |



highgo=# \du
                                   List of roles
 Role name |                         Attributes                         | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
 aaa       |                                                            | {}
 gpadmin   | Superuser, Create role, Create DB                          | {}
 highgo    | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
 replica   | Replication                                                | {}

highgo=# create table AAA;
ERROR:  42601: syntax error at or near ";"
LINE 1: create table AAA;
                        ^
highgo=# create user  AAA;
ERROR:  42710: role "aaa" already exists
highgo=# create user "AAA";
CREATE ROLE
highgo=# \du
                                   List of roles
 Role name |                         Attributes                         | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
 AAA       |                                                            | {}
 aaa       |                                                            | {}
 gpadmin   | Superuser, Create role, Create DB                          | {}
 highgo    | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
 replica   | Replication                                                | {}

• 
  

实验证明，字段与用户同样会被自动转化为小写，除非添加双引号。 其实最好的办法就是全部用小写，这样才能尽量减少问题的出现。