[翻译]
massivegas著A simple Multi-Threaded Server Client Instant Messenger Application(原代碼地址)
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[简介]
本文实现一个简单的多线程客户/服务器即时通讯应用程序,它将使用TCP连接。允许客户之间及客户和服务器之间,个人消息与会议通信。最终目标是实现象雅虎/msn这样的即时通讯工具。
[库]
我创建一个ChatLibrary,它包含命令及可以着色的消息。
public enum Command
{
Login = 0,
PersonalMessage = 1,
ClientList = 2,
Conference = 3,
Logout = 4
};
public class Message
{
string strSender;
string strReceiver;
Command cmdMessageCommand;
string strMessageDetail;
public Message ()
{
}
public Message (byte [] rawMessage)
{
string strRawStringMessage = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString (rawMessage);
string [] strRawStringMessageArray = strRawStringMessage.Split(new char []{'|'});
this.strSender = strRawStringMessageArray[1];
this.strReceiver = strRawStringMessageArray[2];
this.cmdMessageCommand = (Command) Convert.ToInt32(strRawStringMessageArray[3]);
this.MessageDetail = strRawStringMessageArray[4];
}
...
public byte [] GetRawMessage ()
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sbMessage = new System.Text.StringBuilder ("John");
sbMessage.Append("|");
sbMessage.Append(strSender);
sbMessage.Append("|");
sbMessage.Append(strReceiver);
sbMessage.Append("|");
sbMessage.Append((int)cmdMessageCommand);
sbMessage.Append("|");
sbMessage.Append(strMessageDetail);
sbMessage.Append("|");
return System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sbMessage.ToString());
}
...
服务器
我创建了一个SocketServer 类,它调用TCPListener.Start() 方法:
IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint (ipaAddress, iPort);
listener = new TcpListener (endPoint);
listener.Start();
然后,给监听创建一个线程:
thrListenForClients = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ListenForClients));
thrListenForClients.Start();
ListenForClients 方法会等待连接,并赋值给一个新的Client 实例:
Client acceptClient = new Client();
acceptClient.Socket = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
listenForMessageDelegate = new ListenForMessageDelegate (ListenForMessages);
listenForMessageDelegate.BeginInvoke(acceptClient, new AsyncCallback(ListenForMessagesCallback), "Completed");
Client是一个包含TCPClient的一个类,用于连接:
public class Client {
string strName;
TcpClient tcpClient;
public Client()
{
}
public string Name
{
get{return strName;}
set{ this.strName = value;}
}
public TcpClient Socket
{
get{return tcpClient;}
set{ this.tcpClient = value;}
}
public void SendMessage (Message sendMessage)
{
NetworkStream stream = tcpClient.GetStream();
stream.Write(sendMessage.GetRawMessage() , 0, sendMessage.GetRawMessage().Length);
}
}
接下来,再用NetworkStream 读消息:
一旦我们收到消息后,我们就可以做任何想做的了:
txtStatus.Text += "/r/n" + strDisplayMessageType + strWriteText.TrimStart(new char[]{'/r','/n'});
我的SocketServer 类使用一些事件,这样使得coding变得更容易:
public event ClientConnectedEventHandler ClientConnected;
public event ClientDisconnectingEventHandler ClientDisconnecting;
public event MessageReceivedEventHandler MessageReceived;
[客户端]
客户端基本上与上面一样,创建一个包含TCPListener 的ClientSocket ,然后调用其Connect() 方法:
IPEndPoint serverEndpoint = new IPEndPoint (ipaAddress , iPort);
tcpClient = new TcpClient ();
tcpClient.Connect(serverEndpoint);
thrListenForMessages = new Thread (new ThreadStart(ListenForMessages));
thrListenForMessages.Start();
ListenForMessages 会循环NetworkStream.Read()
然后,我们做一些处理,把得来的数据发送一个Message:
另外,我的目标是创建一个象YM/MSN 一样的即时通讯软件,所以,我做了两个UI form:MessengerForm 和ClientWindow。MessengerForm 包含ClientSocket ,并接收消息。根据接收到的消息,调用MessengerWindow 显示文字。
提示:文章中通过Invoke调用界面:
this.Invoke(createNewClientDelegate, new object []{receivedMessage});