greenplum安装（单机环境）

1，前期系统准备

操作系统信息：
[root@goolen goolen]# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m

[root@goolen goolen]# uname -a
Linux goolen 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 13 18:24:36 EDT 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

创建用户和组 gpadmin 
[root@goolen goolen]# groupadd -g 3030 gpadmin
[root@goolen goolen]# useradd -u 3030 gpadmin -g gpadmin -d /home/gpadmin
[root@goolen goolen]# passwd gpadmin
Changing password for user gpadmin.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

配置内核参数，添加如下内容：
[root@goolen goolen]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 
#By greenplum
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.sem = 250 64000 100 512
kernel.shmmax = 500000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 4000000000
kernel.sem = 250 64000 100 512
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=4096
net.core.netdev_max_backlog=10000
vm.overcommit_memory=2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1

以上参数可以根据自己系统配置做适当修改

手工执行命令，让参数生效：
[root@goolen goolen]# sysctl -p

在limits.conf文件中添加如下配置：
[root@goolen goolen]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072

修改内核参数，添加如下配置，调整IO调度算法：（重启系统才能生效）
[root@goolen goolen]# vim /boot/grub/menu.lst
elevator=deadline

设置磁盘预读，优化磁盘IO效率（重启系统才能生效）
[root@goolen ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
blockdev --setra 16384 /dev/sd*

重启系统：
[root@goolen goolen]# reboot

Broadcast message from root@goolen
        (/dev/pts/0) at 9:34 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

验证内核参数配置是否生效：
[root@goolen ~]# cat /sys/block/*/queue/scheduler
noop anticipatory deadline [cfq] 
noop anticipatory deadline [cfq] 

输出的行应该含有[deadline]

验证磁盘预读预读配置：
修改前：
[root@goolen ~]# blockdev --getra /dev/sd*
256
256
256
256
256

修改后：
[root@goolen ~]# blockdev --getra /dev/sd*
16384
16384
16384
16384
16384

配置域名解析，这里是单机测试环境，我选择使用hosts来解析
[root@goolen ~]# vim /etc/hosts
10.155.20.50    goolen

配置用户ssh无密码登陆，单机环境也得配置
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/home/gpadmin/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
59:e3:e6:15:6f:7b:45:16:47:fc:c7:7a:e7:90:66:9c gpadmin@goolen
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|               +o|
|                +|
|          o .  .+|
|         + . o o+|
|        S o ..o+o|
|         o . .E.+|
|          .  o.+o|
|               ..|
|                 |
+-----------------+
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa 
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_dsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
08:74:df:23:86:f7:d3:1b:3a:bc:81:a6:0f:0c:10:e6 gpadmin@goolen
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ DSA 1024]----+
|  o . .          |
| o o . o .       |
|  E . . = o      |
|   . . + o o     |
|    . . S o o    |
|     o   o o o   |
|      o o = .    |
|       +   +     |
|      ... .      |
+-----------------+
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ cd .ssh/
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ cat *.pub
ssh-dss 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 gpadmin@goolen
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAsfdkGAM0dJKpmR6BeOE+268eIZEHp4fK3dHhvFe0uAZy+idX6edL3MEo4R6ULVpQeZ99GLJW+1oBi038Euv2MUtBNAOsA2Leh2dg30pGSaSN+tAMfO97fkV0vtptQMCOTM+me72y3lfunjdCqzSbz7g65fGp5u3SLJCb0rH+SwP24p9LNSO8ZQitiFrIRho6yB5pnpFOXjUJxTJOnWb1GBpRAFadVbCFLcu3lCGqgIiPDhM7y+M9iRf0G0TFz/BT+5Ybjk8VFbsYZjGn/5rEMMDZSR6mW7Grpb7T+BjYkYHr3lokeJnHMUsY4/LYnUxNsvySotBGZuQT4OXmRHZ9/w== gpadmin@goolen

[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ vim authorized_keys
ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAJkI3Bl85APlgiqLHMmQi1+pylE9K0ykJlIDurP9S87+P+6HVjdU/V5DjkZUZZzPGa+Q2JxBNfj3/9Gg2UR3wLBZZYZhW8HUp7tPx
dJgcAHBsi9VFPyU7PAx/9O9LbJLJ8/6yzi18wVQ9TSb3hf7Pl6EmJWhS2Td1zJu90t8nvo5AAAAFQCKNsovU+OXqL2vXuX01jisxsWSVwAAAIBa3NlzQpJAuZc8DkvWGa
R+GHNDtquU+5hQnfRBDgd5YsaoHhDTKdLZEtvfsYXmfSFKZRgj5Nu/COrO9absRaC+9ex5JsfLYM2D7CVwumStOuZ5AWKQvBvgyraLUX0CR1WYs+sc0r8faQOZEQeqibF
cdBZI06cHIZQpb/LCEh+PPgAAAIEAlvF6L93kZxW5msAKUA64lQIOHIhcxhFDP6Wq03Lbd/cVpNoA5lURiqIk5S5M3PXuDNpKlou7yJa6jNg1Jq7WmQ1nHuu2WLjLA5m/
fFYlySy7XtG/w4lq6C+vQhViwAa8PiMr70eMBYO5xixVeS6b3rmhnGiBKLm7sJtZawEA8/I= gpadmin@goolen
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAsfdkGAM0dJKpmR6BeOE+268eIZEHp4fK3dHhvFe0uAZy+idX6edL3MEo4R6ULVpQeZ99GLJW+1oBi038Euv2MUtBNAOsA
2Leh2dg30pGSaSN+tAMfO97fkV0vtptQMCOTM+me72y3lfunjdCqzSbz7g65fGp5u3SLJCb0rH+SwP24p9LNSO8ZQitiFrIRho6yB5pnpFOXjUJxTJOnWb1GBpRAFadVb
CFLcu3lCGqgIiPDhM7y+M9iRf0G0TFz/BT+5Ybjk8VFbsYZjGn/5rEMMDZSR6mW7Grpb7T+BjYkYHr3lokeJnHMUsY4/LYnUxNsvySotBGZuQT4OXmRHZ9/w== gpadmi
n@goolen
                                                                                                                          
"authorized_keys" [New] 2L, 1000C written                                                                      
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ ssh goolen date
The authenticity of host 'goolen (10.155.20.50)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b0:10:ea:7c:7e:87:ef:91:e3:da:58:44:05:ff:82:90.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'goolen,10.155.20.50' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
gpadmin@goolen's password: 

[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ 
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ ll authorized_keys 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gpadmin gpadmin 1000 Oct 30 10:07 authorized_keys
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ chmod 644 authorized_keys 
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ ssh goolen date           
Thu Oct 30 10:07:39 CST 2014
[gpadmin@goolen .ssh]$ 

2，安装GP软件：
[root@goolen goolen]# ls
greenplum-db-4.3.0.0-build-3-RHEL5-x86_64.zip

解压缩安装包：
[root@goolen goolen]# unzip greenplum-db-4.3.0.0-build-3-RHEL5-x86_64.zip 
Archive:  greenplum-db-4.3.0.0-build-3-RHEL5-x86_64.zip
  inflating: README_INSTALL          
  inflating: greenplum-db-4.3.0.0-build-3-RHEL5-x86_64.bin  

执行安装文件：
[root@goolen goolen]# ./greenplum-db-4.3.0.0-build-3-RHEL5-x86_64.bin

Installation complete.
Greenplum Database is installed in /usr/local/greenplum-db-4.3.0.0

创建instance需要的目录：
[root@goolen goolen]# mkdir -p /tol/master
[root@goolen goolen]# mkdir -p /tol/data/gp1  
[root@goolen goolen]# mkdir -p /tol/data/gp2 
[root@goolen goolen]# mkdir -p /tol/data/gp3 
[root@goolen goolen]# mkdir -p /tol/data/gp4

修改目录属主：
[root@goolen goolen]# chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /usr/local/green*
[root@goolen goolen]# chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /tol/master
[root@goolen goolen]# chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /tol/data/gp* 

Gpadmin登录：
[root@goolen goolen]# su - gpadmin

修改gpadmin用户环境配置：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ vim .bash_profile 
source /usr/local/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/data/master/gpseg-1

export PGPORT=5432
export PGUSER=gpadmin
export PGDATABASE=goolen

使其生效：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ . .bash_profile

编辑all_hosts_file文件，添加如下内容：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ vim all_hosts_file
goolen

执行如下命令验证用户等效性：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ gpssh-exkeys -f all_hosts_file
[STEP 1 of 5] create local ID and authorize on local host
  ... /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa file exists ... key generation skipped
[STEP 2 of 5] keyscan all hosts and update known_hosts file
[STEP 3 of 5] authorize current user on remote hosts
[STEP 4 of 5] determine common authentication file content
[STEP 5 of 5] copy authentication files to all remote hosts
[INFO] completed successfully

3，初始化系统：
编辑系统初始化的参数文件，这个文件的编辑可以使用模版，模板文件所在目录如下：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ cd /usr/local/greenplum-db/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/
[gpadmin@goolen gpconfigs]$ cp gpinitsystem_config /home/gpadmin/

编辑gp参数文件，修改如下配置：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ vim gpinitsystem_config
declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/tol/data/gp1 /tol/data/gp2 /tol/data/gp3 /tol/data/gp4)
MASTER_HOSTNAME=goolen
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/tol/master
DATABASE_NAME=goolen
注意将DATABASE_NAME 参数前边的 ‘#’ 号去掉

编辑seg_hosts_file文件：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ vim seg_hosts_file
goolen

执行初始化系统命令：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ gpinitsystem -c gpinitsystem_config -h seg_hosts_file

系统开始初始化，之后会看到如下提示：
Continue with Greenplum creation Yy/Nn>
输入 Y ，按回车，系统会初始化完成

安装结束后可以连接GP数据库了：
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ psql -g goolen
psql: invalid option -- 'g'
Try "psql --help" for more information.
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ psql -d goolen
psql (8.2.15)
Type "help" for help.

goolen=# 

goolen=# \d
No relations found.
goolen=# 
goolen=# \q
[gpadmin@goolen ~]$ 

至此，GP安装完毕。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/23249684/viewspace-1314329/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/23249684/viewspace-1314329/