Oracle ASH Active Session History

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-01 09:57:12 发布

cocozhou1991

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-01 09:57:12 发布

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ASH 说明

ASH以V$SESSION为基础，每秒采样一次，记录活动会话等待的事件。不活动的会话不会采样，采样工作由新引入的后台进程MMNL来完成。

ASH buffers 的最小值为1MB,最大值不超过30MB。内存中记录数据。期望值是记录一小时的内容。

ASH报告生成脚本：@?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql

ASH内存记录数据始终是有限的，为了保存历史数据，引入了自动负载信息库(Automatic Workload Repository ,AWR) 由后台进程MMON完成。ASH信息同样被采集写出到AWR负载库中。由于内存不是足够的，所以MMNL进程在ASH写满后会将信息写出到AWR负载库中。ASH全部写出是不可接受的，所以一般只写入收集的10%的数据量，而且使用direct-path insert完成，尽量减少日志的生成，从而最小化数据库性能影响。

内存中的ASH 信息可以通过V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY查询，而写出到AWR负载库的ASH信息，可以通过AWR的基础表wrh$active_session_hist查询，wrh$active_session_hist是一个分区表，Oracle会自动进行数据清理。

一般来说，我们在监控数据库时，如果是当前正在发生的问题，我们可以通过v$session+v$sqlarea来找出性能最差的SQL语句。如果在一个小时以内发生的我们可以通过生成ASH报告来找出SQL。如果是1小时以上或几天我们可以通过AWR报告来找出几小时，几天以来最影响系统的SQL语句。ADDM报告基于AWR库，默认可以保存30天的ADDM报告。

相关查询试图：

v$session (当前正在发生)

v$session_wait (当前正在发生)

v$session_wait_history (会话最近的10次等待事件)

v$active_session_history (内存中的ASH采集信息，理论为1小时)

wrh$_active_session_history (写入AWR库中的ASH信息，理论为1小时以上)

dba_hist_active_sess_history (根据wrh$_active_session_history生成的视图)
ASH 报告生成示例

ASH组件以v$active_session_history视图为基础，生成ASH报表，ASH报表与statspack类似，可以提供以下信息：

Top User Events

Top Background Events

Top Event P1/P2/P3 Values

Top Service/Module

Top Client IDs

Top SQL Command Types

Top SQL using literals

Top Blocking Sessions

Top DB Objects

Top DB Files

Top Latches

Activity Over Time

报表间隔时间可以精确到分钟，因而ASH可以提供比STATSPACK或AWR更详细的关于历史会话的信息，可以作为statspack或awr的补充。ASH报告通过@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql脚本生成，包括hmtl和text两种格式。

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> @?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql;

-- 调用脚本

Current Instance

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DB Id DB Name Inst Num Instance

----------- ------------ -------- ------------

715014091 ANQING 1 anqing1

Specify the Report Type

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text

Defaults to 'html'

Enter value for report_type: text

-- 选择生成的ASH 报告类型，是text 还是html

Type Specified: text

Instances in this Workload Repository schema

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DB Id Inst Num DB Name Instance Host

------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------

715014091 1 ANQING anqing singledb

* 715014091 1 ANQING anqing1 rac1

715014091 2 ANQING anqing2 rac2

Defaults to current database

Using database id: 715014091

Defaults to current instance

Using instance number: 1

ASH Samples in this Workload Repository schema

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oldest ASH sample available: 19-May-11 14:49:59 [ 10585 mins in the past]

Latest ASH sample available: 26-May-11 23:14:34 [ 1 mins in the past]

Specify the timeframe to generate the ASH report

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Enter begin time for report:

-- Valid input formats:

-- To specify absolute begin time:

-- [MM/DD[/YY]] HH24:MI[:SS]

-- Examples: 02/23/03 14:30:15

-- 02/23 14:30:15

-- 14:30:15

-- 14:30

-- To specify relative begin time: (start with '-' sign)

-- -[HH24:]MI

-- Examples: -1:15 (SYSDATE - 1 Hr 15 Mins)

-- -25 (SYSDATE - 25 Mins)

Defaults to -15 mins

Enter value for begin_time: 8:00

-- 输入ASH 开始的时间，时间格式上面的示例有说明

Report begin time specified: 8:00

Enter duration in minutes starting from begin time:

Defaults to SYSDATE - begin_time

Press Enter to analyze till current time

Enter value for duration:

-- 输入ASH 结束时间，默认是SYSDATE - begin_time

Report duration specified:

Using 26-May-11 08:00:00 as report begin time

Using 26-May-11 23:15:12 as report end time

Specify Slot Width (using ashrpti.sql) for 'Activity Over Time' section

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:

-- In the 'Activity Over Time' section of the ASH report,

-- the analysis period is divided into smaller slots

-- and top wait events are reported in each of those slots.

-- Default:

-- The analysis period will be automatically split upto 10 slots

-- complying to a minimum slot width of

-- 1 minute, if the source is V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY or

-- 5 minutes, if the source is DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY.

Specify Slot Width in seconds to use in the 'Activity Over Time' section:

Defaults to a value as explained above:

Slot Width specified:

Specify Report Targets (using ashrpti.sql) to generate the ASH report

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:

-- ASH Report can accept "Report Targets",

-- like a particular SQL statement, or a particular SESSION,

-- to generate the report on. If one or more report targets are

-- specified, then the data used to generate the report will only be

-- the ASH samples that pertain to ALL the specified report targets.

-- Default:

-- If none of the report targets are specified,

-- then the target defaults to all activity in the database instance.

Specify SESSION_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.SID) report target:

Defaults to NULL:

SESSION report target specified:

Specify SQL_ID (eg: from V$SQL.SQL_ID) report target: