【RMAN】Run Allocate Channel For Maintenance From Script Fails

生产库的备库在做rman备份到磁带的时候，总是失败。

查找原因时发现：

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt expired archivelog all;

##allocate channel for maintenance type 'sbt_tape';

crosscheck backup;

crosscheck copy;

delete noprompt expired backup;

delete noprompt expired copy;

delete noprompt obsolete;

for maintenance 关键字在run{}中执行时会报错

下面介绍一下

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE命令。

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE命令是用来分配通道的，专用于CHANGE、DELETE、CROSSCHECK命令，并且也不需要（而且也不能）包含在RUN块中。

默认配置下CONFIGURE已经分配了一个指定 DISK 的通道，因此也可以不需要执行ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE命令，Oracle也建议通过CONFIGURE分配通道，来替代使用该命令维护管理用的专用通道，这可能会增强备份脚本的复杂度。

=================================metalink 官方文档解释======================================

RMAN Run Allocate Channel For Maintenance From Script. Fails With Syntax Error [ID 224353.1]

fact: Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition

fact: Recovery Manager (RMAN)

symptom: Allocate Channel For Maintenance fails

symptom: RMAN-01005: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: 

"channel_id, double-quoted-string, identifier, single-quoted-string"

symptom: RMAN-01007: at line %d column %d file: %s

symptom: allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

原因： Cannot Run RMAN Allocate Channel For Maintenance From An RMAN Script.

 Must Be Run Direct From The RMAN Prompt.

现象：

Running the following will fail.

RMAN> run {

3> allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

执行报错~~~！

解决：

Run direct from RMAN prompt.

RMAN> allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

RMAN> crosscheck backup of database;

=========================测试例子如下=====================

测试环境：

oracle版本:11.2.0.1.0

rman  版本:11.2.0.1.0

=========================二备库=======================

正确的方式：

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 type 'SBT_TAPE';

3> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

4> }

allocated channel: ch00

channel ch00: SID=678 device type=SBT_TAPE

channel ch00: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 6.5 (2010042404)

released channel: ch00

RMAN> 

错误的方式：

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 for maintenance type 'sbt_tape';

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: "device, type"

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 23 file: standard input

=====================rac测试环境 =========================

--------------------下面是错误的例子-------------------------

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 for maintenance type disk;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: "device, type"

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 23 file: standard input

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 for maintenance device type disk;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: "device, type"

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 23 file: standard input

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 for type disk;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: "device, type"

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 23 file: standard input

RMAN> allocate channel ch00 device  type disk for maintenance;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "for"

RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: ch00

RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 18 file: standard input

RMAN> run {

2> ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "for": expecting one of: "channel_id, double-quoted-string, identifier, single-quoted-string, "

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 18 file: standard input

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 device type disk ;

3> release channel;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "channel_id, double-quoted-string, identifier, single-quoted-string, "

RMAN-01007: at line 3 column 16 file: standard input

--------------------下面是正确的例子-------------------------

RMAN> ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

allocated channel: ORA_MAINT_DISK_1

channel ORA_MAINT_DISK_1: SID=963 instance=rac1 device type=DISK

RMAN> release channel;

released channel: ORA_MAINT_DISK_1

RMAN> run {

2> allocate channel ch00 device type disk ;

3> release channel ch00;

4> }

allocated channel: ch00

channel ch00: SID=963 instance=rac1 device type=DISK

released channel: ch00

RMAN> 

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