发起映像副本备份
RMAN> backup as copy database;
Starting backup at 03-MAR-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=135 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/system01.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_system_9kbsnloo_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=14 STAMP=841268277
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/sysaux01.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_9kbsop61_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=15 STAMP=841268299
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/undotbs01.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_9kbsphov_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=16 STAMP=841268312
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/example01.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_example_9kbspz1g_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=17 STAMP=841268322
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/lztest.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_lztest_9kbsq6cy_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=18 STAMP=841268326
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/controlfile/o1_mf_TAG20140303T213722_9kbsq7n2_.ctl tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=19 STAMP=841268328
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_users_9kbsq8qb_.dbf tag=TAG20140303T213722 RECID=20 STAMP=841268328
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-MAR-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-MAR-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/backupset/2014_03_03/o1_mf_nnsnf_TAG20140303T213722_9kbsqb2j_.bkp tag=TAG20140303T213722 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 03-MAR-14
删掉一个文件
root@sap ~]# rm /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf
重启显示失败
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 830930944 bytes
Fixed Size 2217912 bytes
Variable Size 503318600 bytes
Database Buffers 318767104 bytes
Redo Buffers 6627328 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf'
RMAN> switch datafile 4 to copy;
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_users_9kbsq8qb_.dbf"
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
RMAN> recover datafile 4;
Starting recover at 03-MAR-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=129 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 03-MAR-14
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
查看,目前数据文件已经switch到的FRA目录下
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_users_9kbsq8qb_.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/lztest.dbf
6 rows selected.
在原来的位置上再次创建映像副本,切回原来位置。
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 4
2> format '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf';
Starting backup at 03-MAR-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_users_9kbsq8qb_.dbf
output file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf tag=TAG20140303T220445 RECID=21 STAMP=841269885
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 03-MAR-14
SQL> select df.name,ts#,ts.name
2 from v$datafile df join v$tablespace ts
3 using (ts#);
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TS# NAME
---------- ------------------------------
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/system01.dbf
0 SYSTEM
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/sysaux01.dbf
1 SYSAUX
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/undotbs01.dbf
2 UNDOTBS1
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TS# NAME
---------- ------------------------------
/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SAP/datafile/o1_mf_users_9kbsq8qb_.d
bf
4 USERS
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/example01.dbf
6 EXAMPLE
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/lztest.dbf
7 LZTEST
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TS# NAME
---------- ------------------------------
6 rows selected.
SQL> alter tablespace users offline immediate;
Tablespace altered.
RMAN> switch datafile 4 to copy;
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf"
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
RMAN> recover datafile 4;
Starting recover at 03-MAR-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=129 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 03-MAR-14
SQL> alter tablespace users online;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/example01.dbf
/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sap/lztest.dbf
6 rows selected.
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