alter database close ORA-16196 ORA-01531 ORA-01093

如果没有其它active连接,Oracle10g中可以用alter database close将DB改到mount状态. 在mount状态下如果再用alter database open改到open状态，则会报错ora-01109.

必须shutdown 之后再open.
好像是说一个周期内(instance存活期间)只能open一次

在9i中，则是报1531错误.

在所有版本中，如果有活动会话，在open状态下alter database close会报
ORA-01093: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE only permitted with no sessions connected

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             503317904 bytes
Database Buffers          738197504 bytes
Redo Buffers               15556608 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database close;

Database altered.

SQL> !ps -ef |grep ora_
oracle   21473     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle   21475     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle   21477     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle   21479     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle   21481     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle   21483     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle   21485     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle   21487     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle   21489     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle   21491     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle   21495     1  0 13:47 ?        00:00:00 ora_rvwr_orcl
oracle   21516 21038  0 13:48 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef |grep ora_
oracle   21518 21516  0 13:48 pts/2    00:00:00 grep ora_

SQL>  select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
----------
MOUNTED

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
MOUNTED

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed

 

总之, 虽然可以用alter database close将open状态改到mount,但无法再改回来.
所以，这引命令其余是没有作用的. 正常的关停还是走shutdown ,startup 就可以了.
并且 <>中关于 alter database的部分也没有描述 close.

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