ORA-27300、ORA-27301、ORA-27302、ORA-27303

数据库启动后，修改了相关目录的属组，普通用户登录失败

1. [oracle@dasong ~]$ sqlplus dasong/dasong
   
   
   SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Nov 3 09:47:26 2016
   
   
   Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
   
   ERROR:
   ORA-27140: attach to post/wait facility failed
   ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:invalid_egid failed with status: 1
   ORA-27301: OS failure message: Operation not permitted
   ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpwinit6
   ORA-27303: additional information: startup egid = 509 (asmadmin), current egid = 501 (oinstall)
   
   
   
   
   Enter user-name: 
   ERROR:
   ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
   
   
   
   
   Enter user-name: 
   ERROR:
   ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
   
   
   
   
   SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
   [oracle@dasong ~]$ 
   
   

数据库关闭失败

1. [oracle@dasong /]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
   
   
   SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Nov 3 09:49:33 2016
   
   
   Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
   
   Connected.
   SQL> shutdown immediate
   ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
   ORA-24323: value not allowed
   ORA-27140: attach to post/wait facility failed
   ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:invalid_egid failed with status: 1
   ORA-27301: OS failure message: Operation not permitted
   ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpwinit6
   ORA-27303: additional information: startup egid = 509 (asmadmin), current egid = 501 (oinstall)
   
   

解决方法（以下3选一）：
shutdown abort，重启数据库；
用chown修改回原来的属组；
修改属组（oinstall）的gid为509

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