使用duplicate克隆数据库

用途

1

创建物理备库

2

克隆数据库

会自动为其分配新的DBID，由于Redo log无法归档，因此须执行point-in-time recovery

相比传统的手工copy，duplicate自动化了一系列工作

创建参数文件(可选)

自动从active database搜寻满足until条件的controlfile并mount，restore数据文件并使用增量备份或archive log恢复到指定时间点；

重启数据库至nomount，新建控制文件(新DBID)

Open resetlogs数据库

 

操作类型

有两种方式：

Active duplication

Backup-based duplication

 

 

 

 

限制

Source/target db必须位于同一OS平台，32bit/64bit属于同一平台

至少需要一个auxiliary channel

Active duplication：source/auxiliary实例 使用相同的sysdba密码

如果操作失败，将auxiliary instance置为nomount重新运行，会跳过已经完成的数据文件；也可使用noresume忽略此功能；

 

参数

For standby— 创建standby，如果复制spfile则指定db_unique_name；不可与to database_name共存；dorecover会在restore数据库后进行recover；如果连接了catalog数据库会自动被注册；

Backup location— 指定备份集的路径，没有rman target/catalog连接时使用

Logfile— 指定online redo，用于non-standby

Nofilenamecheck— 不执行datafile/online redo名字检查，当source/target的文件路径一致时使用，否则会抱错，因为rman无法分辨不同host；当source/target为同一host则不要使用；

Password file— 复制source db的密码文件覆盖auxiliary instance，只用于active database；如果指定for standby，默认自动复制；

Spfile— 复制source db的spfile

 

 

Source Database Files	Active Database	Backup-Based
Control files	Copied from source database when FOR STANDBY specified; otherwise re-created	Restored from backups when FOR STANDBY specified or duplication without a connection to the target database; otherwise re-created
Data files	Copied from source database (unless excluded with a SKIP option)	Restored from backups (unless excluded with a SKIP option)
Temp files	Re-created (see "Tempfile Re-Creation")	Re-created (see "Tempfile Re-Creation")
Online redo log files	Re-created	Re-created
Standby redo log files	Re-created when FOR STANDBY specified and defined on primary database	Re-created when FOR STANDBY specified and defined on primary database
Archived redo log files	Copied from source database, but only if needed for the duplication	Obtained from backups or cataloged copies, but only if needed for the duplication
Server parameter file	Copied from source database (see SPFILE clause in dupOptionList)	Restored from backup if SPFILE clause is specified (see dupOptionList)
Flashback log files	Not re-created	Not re-created
Block change tracking file	Not re-created	Not re-created
Password file	Copied by default for standby databases; for nonstandby databases, copied only if PASSWORD FILE option is specified	Not re-created
Backups and other files in fast recovery area	Not copied	Not copied

 

 

--创建standby

DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE

  FOR STANDBY

  FROM ACTIVE DATABASE

  PASSWORD FILE

  SPFILE

    PARAMETER_VALUE_CONVERT '/disk1', '/disk2'

    SET DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT '/disk1','/disk2'

    SET LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT '/disk1','/disk2'

    SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME 'dup1'

    SET SGA_MAX_SIZE 200M

    SET SGA_TARGET 125M;

 

--克隆数据库

DUPLICATE DATABASE TO dupdb

  UNTIL TIME "TO_DATE('11/01/2007 14:00:00', 'MM/DD/YYYY HH24:MI:SS')"

  SPFILE

  BACKUP LOCATION '/prod_backups'

  NOFILENAMECHECK;

 

DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO dupdb

  FROM ACTIVE DATABASE

  SPFILE

    PARAMETER_VALUE_CONVERT '/oracle/oradata/prod/', '+DISK1'

    SET DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST +DISK1;

 

RUN

{ 

  ALLOCATE AUXILIARY CHANNEL newdb DEVICE TYPE sbt;

  DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO newdb

    PFILE ?/dbs/initNEWDB.ora

    UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-1'  # specifies incomplete recovery

    SKIP TABLESPACE example, history   # skip desired tablespaces

    DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT ('/h1/oracle/dbs/trgt/','/h2/oracle/oradata/newdb/')

    LOGFILE

      GROUP 1 ('/h2/oradata/newdb/redo01_1.f',

               '/h2/oradata/newdb/redo01_2.f') SIZE 4M,

      GROUP 2 ('/h2/oradata/newdb/redo02_1.f',

               '/h2/oradata/newdb/redo02_2.f') SIZE 4M,

      GROUP 3 ('/h2/oradata/newdb/redo03_1.f',

               '/h2/oradata/newdb/redo03_2.f') SIZE 4M REUSE;

}

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