raid
linux raid 阵列的工具mdadm 工具
step1 :extend扩展分区-> 逻辑分区 分区id(t change a partition's system id)
fdisk /dev/sdb
n->e->l->t->w
更改文件系统 fd(fd Linux raid auto)--lvm 是8e
/dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 25 200749+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb6 26 50 200781 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb7 51 75 200781 fd Linux raid autodetect
step2:创建磁盘阵列设备
--md - Multiple Device driver aka Linux Software Raid
系统默认有md0 或多个
如何自定义设备
mknod /dev/md1 b 9 1
注:mknod - make block or character special files
mknod [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR]
b create a block (buffered) special file
c, u create a character (unbuffered) special file
p create a FIFO
/dev/md1 是设备名字 设备必须从/dev/md开始
b 块设备
9 主设备号(不能改) 1 从设备号(在系统中唯一)
step 3:
创建raid 阵列
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -C /dev/md0 -l 5 -n 3 /dev/sdb{5,6,7}
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
注:如果是多个硬盘则是 ... /dev/sd{b1,c1,d1}
mdadm - manage MD devices aka Linux Software Raid.
-C, --create
Create a new array.
-l, --level= raid的level
-n, --raid-devices=
Specify the number of active devices in the array
查看raid状态
mdadm --detail /dev/md0 or mdadm -D /dev/md0
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 00.90.01
Creation Time : Fri Oct 15 04:05:02 2010
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 401280 (391.94 MiB 410.91 MB)
Device Size : 200640 (195.97 MiB 205.46 MB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Preferred Minor : 0
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Fri Oct 15 04:05:02 2010
State : clean, degraded, recovering
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 64K
Rebuild Status : 78% complete--正在聚合。。
UUID : bf438ae6:e0952449:364d4f2a:e11a19b3
Events : 0.1
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 21 0 active sync /dev/sdb5
1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
2 0 0 - removed
3 8 23 2 spare rebuilding /dev/sdb7
step 4:格式化设备 挂载
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/md0
step 5:模拟失败
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sdb5
mdadm: set /dev/sdb5 faulty in /dev/md0
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
....
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 - removed
1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
2 8 23 2 active sync /dev/sdb7
3 8 21 - faulty /dev/sdb5
step 6:移除失效硬盘
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdb5
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb5
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
...
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 - removed
1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
2 8 23 2 active sync /dev/sdb7
step 7:添加硬盘
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdb5
mdadm: hot added /dev/sdb5
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
。。。。。
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 - removed
1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
2 8 23 2 active sync /dev/sdb7
3 8 21 0 spare rebuilding /dev/sdb5
For Manage mode:
-a, --add
hotadd listed devices.
-r, --remove
remove listed devices. They must not be active. i.e. they should be failed or spare devices.
-f, --fail
mark listed devices as faulty.
partprobe - inform. the OS of partition table changes
硬盘重新分区 如果要求reboot 则执行这个命令
[root@rac2 dev]# echo DEVICE /dev/sdb{5,6,7}>>/etc/mdadm.conf
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -Ds>>/etc/mdadm.conf
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -D /dev/md1>>/etc/mdadm.conf
umount /dev/md1
mdadm --stop /dev/md1
停用后:
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
mdadm: md device /dev/md1 does not appear to be active.
启用
mdadm --assemble --scan /dev/md1
or
mdadm -A -s /dev/md1
ex:没有生成配置文件而停用raid 后果
[root@rac2 dev]# mdadm -A -s /dev/md1
mdadm: /dev/md1 not identified in config file.
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