说明：1.操作系统版本为Redhat6.7，IP：192.168.56.20，主机名：slient。
2.数据库版本为11.2.0.4；
一：检查
1.内存（至少1G）
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
2.SWAP分区
内存在2G以下 ，SWAP分区就设置为内存的1.5倍
内存在2G至8G之间，SWAP就设置为内存大小
内存在8G以上，SWAP就设置为内存大小的0.75倍。
查看SWAP分区情况：
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
3.TMP空间
要求至少400M
查看TMP空间
df -k /tmp
4.查看系统补丁包
rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pdksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel make sysstat
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.43.el6.x86_64
package compat-libcap1 is not installed
package compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed
package gcc is not installed
package gcc-c++ is not installed
glibc-2.12-1.166.el6.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.12-1.166.el6.x86_64
package pdksh is not installed
libgcc-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64
libstdc++-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64
package libstdc++-devel is not installed
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
package libaio-devel is not installed
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64
注：pdksh没有安装，可以忽略。安装了ksh。
挂在光盘，安装未安装的包，如下：
[root@slient ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 35G 2.9G 31G 9% /
tmpfs 940M 76K 940M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 41M 411M 9% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/RHEL-6.7 Server.x86_64
[root@slient ~]#
[root@slient ~]# cd /mnt
[root@slient mnt]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
--配置yum源：
vi yum.repo
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[HighAvailability]
name=HighAvailability
baseurl=file:///mnt/HighAvailability
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[ResilientStorage]
name=ResilientStorage
baseurl=file:///mnt/ResilientStorage
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[LoadBalancer]
name=LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///mnt/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
—安装未安装的包：
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y libstdc++-devel*
yum install -y libaio-devel*
5.确认防火墙和selinux已关闭
-----查看selinux状态：sestatus
关闭SELinux的方法：
修改/etc/selinux/config文件中的SELINUX="" 为 disabled ，然后重启。
如果不想重启系统，使用命令setenforce 0
------查看iptables状态：service iptables status
关闭防火墙
1)重启后永久性生效：
开启： chkconfig iptables on
关闭： chkconfig iptables off
2) 即时生效，重启后失效：
开启： service iptables start
关闭： service iptables stop
6.增加相关用户及组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
7.修改配置文件
/etc/security/limits.conf文件，添加如下：
Vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
/etc/sysctl.conf文件，添加如下：
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 432691
kernel.shmmax = 1772303155
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
/sbin/sysctl -p 命令使/etc/sysctl.conf文件修改参数生效；
说明：shmall 是全部允许使用的共享内存大小，shmmax 是单个段允许使用的大小。这两个可以设置为内存的 90%。例如 16G 内存，shmmax的大小为16*1024*1024*1024*90% = 15461882265，shmall 的大小为 15461882265/4k(getconf PAGESIZE可得到) = 3774873。
8.修改用户验证选项（root用户下：修改/etc/pam.d/login文件加上如下参数）
vim /etc/pam.d/login 加入以下语句:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so -----针对32位系统
---------------------------------------------
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<eof</eof
# for oracle
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so -----针对64位系统
EOF
9.修改用户配置文件（root用户下：修改/etc/profile文件加入如下参数）
vi /etc/profile 在后面加如下：
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]
then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
10.建立目录权限和oracle用户的环境变量文件
建ORACLE_BASE目录和授权：
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
编辑oracle用户环境变量：
vi .bash_profile 添加如下：
export ORACLE_SID=test
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export NLS_LANG="american_america.ZHS16GBK"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
Source .bash_profile 命令使环境变量文件生效；
二、静默安装
1.上传介质到oracle用户的/home/oracle/slient目录下
2.解压并备份静默安装文件（*.rsp）
Unzip p13390677_112040_Linux_x86_64_1of7.zip
Unzip p13390677_112040_Linux_x86_64_2of7.zip
[oracle@slient response]$ pwd
/home/oracle/slient/database/response
[oracle@slient response]$ ls
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
[oracle@slient response]$ cp *.rsp /home/oracle
[oracle@slient response]$ cd
[oracle@slient ~]$ ls
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp slient
3.删除应答文件中的注释行(以#开头)
sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp
4.刪除沒有內容的空行(^$)
sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp
5.静默安装软件，编辑db_install.rsp文件
[oracle@slient response]$ pwd
/home/oracle/slient/database/response
[oracle@slient response]$ vi db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=slient
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=DBA
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
6.静默安装软件：
[oracle@slient database]$ pwd
/home/oracle/slient/database
[oracle@slient database]$ ls
install readme.html response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[oracle@slient database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/db_install.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 25659 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM. Please wait ...[oracle@slient database]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log
[oracle@slient database]$ more The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-07-13_04-13-03AM.log' for more details.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.
[root@slient ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@slient ~]#
[root@slient ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_slient_2017-07-13_04-24-08.log for the output of root script
[root@slient ~]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_slient_2017-07-13_04-25-03.log
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
Finished product-specific root actions.
[root@slient ~]#
7.静默安装监听
--编辑监听静默文件：
[oracle@slient response]$ cat netca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}
[oracle@slient response]$
[oracle@slient response]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/slient/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@slient response]$
8.静默dbca建库
[oracle@slient response]$ more dbca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "test"
SID = "test
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
[createTemplateFromDB]
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
[createCloneTemplate]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
[DELETEDATABASE]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
[generateScripts]
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
NODELIST=
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[oracle@slient response]$
上面就可以成功建库，但绝大多数情况[CREATEDATABASE]下还需要指定一些其他参数，
因为默认的可能不符合实际要求，尤其是你创建的数据库字符集必须要按你的设计需求显示指定：加入如下部分（em,可以不加）
characterSet = "ZHS16GBK"
memoryPercentage = "60"
emConfiguration = "LOCAL"
sysPassword = "oracle"
systemPassword = "oracle"
dbsnmpPassword = "oracle"
sysmanPassword = "oracle"
[oracle@slient response]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/slient/database/response/dbca.rsp
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/test/test.log" for further details.
[oracle@slient response]$
注意：如果已经在响应文件中配置sys和system密码，上面就不会提示你输入密码了。
完成！
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转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/31397003/viewspace-2142051/
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