Data Guard Broker系列之二：Data Guard Broker配置实战

转自：http://www.dbabeta.com/2009/learn-data-guard-broker_a-broker-example.html

配置之前DG环境状态 broker设置准备工作

设置primary和standby使用spfile 配置DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn 设置local_listener 添加静态的_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain注册 设置dg_broker_start为TRUE

配置broker

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配置之前DG环境状态

测试的DG环境安装在同一个机器上，当前两个数据库处于同步的状态，两个实例的名字分别是TORCLA和TORCLB，数据库的名字TORCL，数据库DB_DOMAIN设置为mycompany，其他的设置如下。

listener.ora设置

L_dg =
(address =
(protocol=tcp) (host=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com) (port=8000) (queuesize=32)
) log_file_L_torcla_001=/tmp/L_torclb_001.log SID_LIST_L_dg =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
(SID_NAME=torcl)
)
)

本地tnsname.ora的设置

torcl.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ENABLE=BROKEN)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID=torcl)
)
)
torcla.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU= 32767)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME=torcla.mycompany)
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
)
)
torclb.mycompany =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU= 32767)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME=torclb.mycompany)
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
)
)

DG的相关设置

-- 保护模式 SYS@torclb> SELECT DATABASE_ROLE, PROTECTION_MODE, OPEN_MODE, SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE ;DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------ -- ------------------------- --------------- -------------------- primary MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE READ WRITE SESSIONS ACTIVE
-- 日志归档相关设置 SYS@torclb> show parameter log_archive_dest_1 NAME TYPE VALUE
---------------------------------- -- --------------------------------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_1 string location=" /data1/dg/databases/
torclb/redolog", valid_for=(ONL
INE_LOGFILE,ALL_ROLES)
SYS@torclb> show parameter log_archive_dest_2 NAME TYPE VALUE
---------------------------------- -- --------------------------------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_1 string SERVICE=torcla.mycompany valid_fo
tr=(online_logfile, primary_ro
tle) REOPEN=60 OPTIONAL LGWR S
tYNC AFFIRM db_unique_name=torcla

topbroker设置准备工作

下面按照上一篇文章所列出的准备工作清单一一做一遍。

top设置primary和standby使用spfile

不管是primary数据库还是standby数据库都要完成这一步，设置完毕后重启下数据库使设置生效。

--在当前的primary 上SYS@torclb> create spfile='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora' from pfile ;
File created .

--在当前的standby 上SYS@torcla> create spfile='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/spfiletorclb.ora' from pfile ;
File created.

然后修改init文件设定spfile参数：

-- primary的init文件
$ cat inittorclb.ora spfile='spfiletorclb.ora'
-- standby的init文件
$ cat inittorcla.ora spfile='spfiletorcla.ora'

top配置DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn

这里我们的DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn不做特别的设置，使用默认的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录以及两个默认的文件名dr1.dat和dr2.dat。

当然也可以用sqlplus通过下面语句设定不同的目录，要注意在两个数据库上面都要设置：

alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr1torcla.dat' ;alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db/dbs/dr2torcla.dat'

top设置local_listener

这一步设置是为了保证一些service name能正确的被注册上。

SYS@torcla> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com)(PORT=8000)))' scope=both ;
System altered.

top添加静态的_unique_name_DGMGRL.db_domain注册

在当前的测试环境中primary和standby是在同一机器上面，因此这个service name的设置也是在同一个listener.ora文件上，设置完了以后的listener.ora如下

L_dg =
(address =
(protocol=tcp) (host=orainst.desktop.mycompany.com) (port=8000) (queuesize=32)
) log_file_L_torcla_001=/tmp/L_torclb_001.log SID_LIST_L_dg =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
(SID_NAME=torcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
(SID_NAME=torcla)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany)
)
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME=/data1/dg/10.2.0.2/A10db)
(SID_NAME=torclb)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany)
)
)

设置完毕后记得重启下listener，然后查看一下设置的效果：

oracle@orainst[torcla ]:~
$lsnrctl service L_dg|grep 'Service ' Service "torcl" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).

从上面的listener上注册的服务我们可以看到动态注册的_XPT已经有了，说明local_listener设置正确，_DGMGRL也配置正确。

top设置dg_broker_start为TRUE

这一步是启动Data Guard broker monitor（DMON）进程，在两个数据库上面都运行下下面的命令

alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;

然后查看下结果，先看进程是否起来了

oracle@orainst[torcla ]:~
$ps -ef|grep dmon|grep -v grep oracle 19389 1 0 09:51 ? 00:00:00 ora_dmon_torcla oracle 19420 1 0 09:51 ? 00:00:00 ora_dmon_torclb

可以看到两个dmon进程都起来了，接下来看看service name _DGB有没有被正确的注册上

oracle@orainst[torcla ]:~
$lsnrctl service L_dg|grep 'Service ' Service "torcl" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla_DGB.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torcla_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb_DGB.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb_DGMGRL.mycompany" has 1 instance(s) .Service "torclb_XPT.mycompany" has 1 instance(s).

可以看到service name _DGB也正常的注册上了，到现在我们前期的准备工就已经全部完成了。

top配置broker

现在我们可以来配置broker了，为了保证配置过程不会因为权限问题导致问题，我们始终都是用sys连接数据库的。

首先使用DGMGRL连接到primary机器上，运行下面的命令：

oracle@orainst[torcla ]:~
$dgmgrl sys/12345@torclb.mycompany DGMGRL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 2000, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved .
Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information .Connected .DGMGRL> show configuration Error: ORA-16532: Data Guard broker configuration does not exist
Configuration details cannot be determined by DGMGRL DGMGRL>

当前还没有任何的配置信息，现在创建一个配置

DGMGRL> create configuration 'FSF' as
> primary database is 'torclb'
> connect identifier is torclb.mycompany ;Configuration "FSF" created with primary database "torclb" DGMGRL>

这样我们就创建了一个名为FSF的broker配置，接下来把standby机器也就入到配置中

DGMGRL> add database 'torcla' as
> connect identifier is torcla.mycompany
> maintained as physical ;Database "torcla" added DGMGRL>

就这两步，broker的最基本配置就完成了，这下可以用show configuration来看成果了。

DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration
Name: FSF
Enabled: NO
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Databases :
torclb - primary database
torcla - Physical standby database
Current status for "FSF" :DISABLED
DGMGRL>

可以看到torclb是primary数据库，而torcla是physical standby数据库，不过这是的broker配置的状态是禁用的，说明我们的两个数据库是没有被broker管理的，只是加入到了broker配置中了而已，接下来启用一下。

DGMGRL> enable configuration Enabled .DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration
Name: FSF
Enabled: YES
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Databases :
torclb - primary database
torcla - Physical standby database
Current status for "FSF" :SUCCESS

这样就成了，一个成功的broker配置完成，挺简单的。

最后我们做一个switchover来检验下成果吧，具体的switchover的过程在后面再介绍。

DGMGRL> switchover to torcla Performing switchover NOW, please wait ...Operation requires shutdown of instance "torclb" on database "torclb" Shutting down instance "torclb" ...ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted .ORACLE instance shut down .Operation requires shutdown of instance "torcla" on database "torcla" Shutting down instance "torcla" ...ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted .ORACLE instance shut down .Operation requires startup of instance "torclb" on database "torclb" Starting instance "torclb" ...ORACLE instance started .Database mounted .Operation requires startup of instance "torcla" on database "torcla" Starting instance "torcla" ...ORACLE instance started .Database mounted .Switchover succeeded, new primary is "torcla" DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration
Name: FSF
Enabled: YES
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Databases :
torclb - Physical standby database
torcla - Primary database
Current status for "FSF" :SUCCESS
DGMGRL>

我们已经成功的将primary数据库却换成了torcla，用一个简单的命令，这个就是broker的优势所在，简单！

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