表空间应用经验

建立表空间CREATE TABLESPACE data01DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/DATA01.dbf' SIZE 500MUNIFORM SIZE 128k; #指定区尺寸为128k,如不指定，区尺寸默认为64k删除表空间DROP TABLESPACE data01 INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;一、建立表空间CREATE TABLESPACE data01DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/DATA01.dbf' SIZE 500MUNIFORM SIZE 128k; #指定区尺寸为128k,如不指定，区尺寸默认为64k二、建立UNDO表空间CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS02DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/UNDOTBS02.dbf' SIZE 50M#注意：在OPEN状态下某些时刻只能用一个UNDO表空间，如果要用新建的表空间，必须切换到该表空间:ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS02;三、建立临时表空间CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp_dataTEMPFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/TEMP_DATA.dbf' SIZE 50M四、改变表空间状态1.使表空间脱机ALTER TABLESPACE game OFFLINE;如果是意外删除了数据文件，则必须带有RECOVER选项ALTER TABLESPACE game OFFLINE FOR RECOVER;2.使表空间联机ALTER TABLESPACE game ONLINE;3.使数据文件脱机ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 OFFLINE;4.使数据文件联机ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 ONLINE;5.使表空间只读ALTER TABLESPACE game READ ONLY;6.使表空间可读写ALTER TABLESPACE game READ WRITE;五、删除表空间DROP TABLESPACE data01 INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;六、扩展表空间首先查看表空间的名字和所属文件select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_spacefrom dba_data_filesorder by tablespace_name;1.增加数据文件ALTER TABLESPACE gameADD DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/GAME02.dbf' SIZE 1000M;2.手动增加数据文件尺寸ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/GAME.dbf'RESIZE 4000M;3.设定数据文件自动扩展ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/db/GAME.dbfAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 100MMAXSIZE 10000M;设定后查看表空间信息SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE CWHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
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一、进入oracle下
# su - oracle
as4101> lsnrctl start
as4101> svrmgrl
svrmgrl> connect internal;
svrmgrl> shutdown immediate;
svrmgrl> startup
二、查看有哪些表空间
svrmgrl> SELECT * FROM DBA_TABLESPACES;
SYSTEM RBS TEMP TOOLS USERS
三、将USERS表空间DROP
svrmgrl> ALTER TABLESPACE USERS OFFLINE;
svrmgrl> DROP TABLESPACE USERS;
四、查看表空间的空余大小
svrmgrl> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024 MB
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;
TABLESPACE_NAME MB
------------------------------ ---------
DD_DATA 1136.3672
DD_IDX 787.18164
JX_DATA 827.94531
JX_IDX 503.16016
RBS 371.9668
SYSTEM 457.81445
TEMP 1499.9961
TOOLS 36.462891
五、查看数据文件放置的路径
svrmgrl> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 MB,FILE_NAME
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;
TABLESPACE_NAME MB FILE_NAME
------------------------------ --------- ---------------
SYSTEM 500 /dev/rdrd/drd4
RBS 500 /dev/rdrd/drd14
RBS 1000 /dev/rdrd/drd15
RBS 500 /dev/rdrd/drd32
TOOLS 50 /dev/rdrd/drd5
TEMP 1000 /dev/rdrd/drd22
TEMP 500 /dev/rdrd/drd23
JX_DATA 500 /dev/rdrd/drd33
六、对应SYSTEM表空间有一个回退段，为SYSTEM，另有一些回退段是属于RBS的，
先将RBS下的回退段都OFFLINE，并DROP，然后将RBS表空间DROP并重新创建，
最后，创建回退段。回退段4个，每个大小为RBS/4，这个值可以当作OPTIMAL值，
即等于INITIAL+NEXT*MAXEXTENTS
svrmgrl> ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01 OFFLINE;
svrmgrl> DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01;
svrmgrl> alter tablespace rbs offline;
svrmgrl> drop tablespace rbs;
svrmgrl> Create TABLESPACE "RBS" DATAFILE
'/dev/rdrd/rbs01.ora' SIZE 500M,
'/dev/rdrd/rbs02.ora' SIZE 500M;
svrmgrl> CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT "R01" TABLESPACE "RBS"
STORAGE ( INITIAL 200M NEXT 2M OPTIMAL 250M
MINEXTENTS 2 MAXEXTENTS 25);
七、查看回退段及表空间的状态,若为ONLINE，即结束，为OFFLINE，要ONLINE
svrmgrl> select SEGMENT_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,status from DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;
svrmgrl> ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01 ONLINE;
八、临时表空间TEMP，先DROP，再重建。
svrmgrl> alter tablespace temp offline;
svrmgrl> drop tablespace temp;
svrmgrl> CREATE TABLESPACE temp DATAFILE
'/dev/rdrd/drd22' SIZE 1000M storage (initial 300m next 20m
minextens 2 maxextents 35 pctincrease 0);
九、工具表空间TOOLS大小为50M足够用，系统表空间SYSTEM为100M足够用。
十、创建数据表空间：
DD_DATA、DD_IDX、JX_DATA、JX_IDX、SF_DATA、SF_IDX、JF_DATA、JF_IDX
svrmgrl> CREATE TABLESPACE dd_data DATAFILE
'/dev/rdrd/drd9' SIZE 1000M,
'/dev/rdrd/drd10' SIZE 1000M,
'/dev/rdrd/drd26' SIZE 1000M,
'/dev/rdrd/drd35' SIZE 1000M,
'/dev/rdrd/drd42' SIZE 500M;
十一、创建用户
svrmgrl> CREATE USER ddbh IDENTIFIED BY ddbh
DEFAULT TABLESPACE dd_data
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON dd_data
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON dd_idx
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON rbs
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON temp;
十二、用户权限
svrmgrl> grant connect,resources,imp_full_database,exp_full_database,
create public synonym,drop public synonym to ddbh;
若要查看V$SESSION，KILL SESSION, DROP USER,CREATE USER等,则
svrmgrl> grant select on v_$session to public;
svrmgrl> grant alter system,drop user,create user to "*******";[@more@]

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