修复受损的SYSAUX表空间

    客户的SYSAUX表空间和对应的数据文件都完全脱机，且归档已经不存在，没办法执行物理级别的恢复。使用TTS迁移也行不通，因为exp和expdp导出元数据会报错；使用expdp、exp按照tablespace、schema导出也行不通，同样会报错；最后的办法是使用exp按照tables的传统方式导出是可以的，但这需要手动处理用户的视图、存储过程、函数、序列、同义词等用户对象，稍微麻烦了一点，不过最终还是OK了。下面贴出一篇指导性的metalink文章，供大家参考：

Fixing a Corrupted SYSAUX Tablespace (文档 ID 950128.1)
修改时间:2013-6-5 类型:HOWTO

In this Document

Goal

Solution

1- RMAN Block Recovery

2 - Restore and Recover the Corrupted Datafile(s)

3 - Recreate the Corrupted Object

4 - Export

References

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This document is being delivered to you via Oracle Support's Rapid Visibility (RaV) process and therefore has not been subject to an independent technical review.

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.1 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
***Checked for relevance on 17-May-2013***

GOAL

How to fix/work-around a corrupted SYSAUX tablespace

SOLUTION

SYSAUX was introduced in 10g to store all auxiliary database metadata related to Oracle options and features. This is a mandatory tablespace and cannot be dropped. Therefore it is important to have all objects in this tablespace accessible at all times.

To find out what is stored in this tablespace, look at V$SYSAUX_OCCUPANTS:

SQL> select occupant_name, space_usage_kbytes from v$sysaux_occupants;

Throughout this document, we are assuming that the datafile 3, belonging to the SYSAUX tablespace, is corrupted.

1- RMAN Block Recovery

RMAN block recovery is only possible if you have a backup and all archivelogs from prior to the time of the corruption. Further, block recovery is only available for Oracle Enterprise Edition.

a) check for corruption

RMAN> backup validate check logical tablespace SYSAUX;

or

RMAN> backup validate check logical datafile 3;

b) Once the above RMAN validate is completed, all corruptions found will be written to this view:

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

c) If  V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION returns more than one corrupted block, recover them

RMAN> blockrecover corruption list;

 

2 - Restore and Recover the Corrupted Datafile(s)

If you have a backup of the corrupted file(s), then restore and recover the datafile(s) from backup.

eg:

RMAN> restore datafile 3;
RMAN> recover datafile 3;
SQL> alter database datafile 3 online;

3 - Recreate the Corrupted Object

To identify the corrupted objects, please see Note 472231.1. Most indexes can be recreated but only certain tables in the SYSAUX tablespace can be recreated. Please contact Oracle Support if you wish to explore this path.

4 - Export

If all of the above options are exhausted, the last resort is to export the database, schema(s) or table(s), create a new database and import.

As long as the export views are accessible you should be able to perform either a database or schema level export.

If a tablespace level export works you might also consider using Transportable Tablespaces for recreating the database as documented in

Note:733824.1 HowTo Recreate a database using TTS (TransportableTableSpace)

Note: If all datafiles belonging to the SYSAUX are inaccessible then you can only perform export at the table level. Full and schema level export will not work as the export views in SYSAUX are no longer available. You will need to use traditional exp rather than expdp as expdp relies on objects in the SYSAUX tablespace.

 eg:

% exp scott/tiger file=xscott.dmp log=xscott.log tables=emp,dept

Once exported, you can import this dump into a new database.

REFERENCES

NOTE:184327.1  - ORA-1157 Troubleshooting
NOTE:243246.1  - SYSAUX New Mandatory Tablespace in Oracle 10g and higher


NOTE:472231.1  - How to identify all the Corrupted Objects in the Database with RMAN
NOTE:733824.1  - How To Recreate A Database Using TTS (Transportable TableSpace)


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