在Red Hat Linux Server 6上能否使用ASMLib？

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-28 16:48:35 发布

congxinlan3332

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-28 16:48:35 发布

阅读量127

点赞数

文章标签：数据库运维操作系统

从安装Oracle Database的角度来看，Oracle Linux要比Red Hat Linux更加适合，况且即使是Red Hat Linux 6，ASMLib也不是唯一的选择，但出于历史原因，我们通过这篇文章讨论一下在Red Hat Linux Server 6上能否使用ASMLib？

下面是Oracle对在Red Hat Linux 6上使用ASMLib的说明：

Oracle ASMLib Downloads for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6

Note: All ASMLib installations require that the 'kmod-oracleasm','oracleasmlib' and 'oracleasm-support' packages be installed on the system. The 'oracleasmlib' and 'oracleasm-support' packages are available for download at the locations listed below.

The kernel driver package 'kmod-oracleasm' is available directly from Red Hat, and can be installed from the "RHEL Server Supplementary (v. 6 64-bit x86_64)" channel on Red Hat Network (RHN). Use the ASMLib kernel driver that corresponds to the version of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux kernel you're running.

To identify which version of the ASMLib kernel driver you need, view the description field of the 'kmod-oracleasm' package in the "RHEL Server Supplementary (v. 6 64-bit x86_64)" channel on RHN.

使用ASMLib需要3个包：kmod-oracleasm oracleasmlib oracleasm-support，后两个包都可以直接在网站上下载到，关键是第一个ASMLib内核驱动包需要到RHN上更新，且应该匹配操作系统的内核版本。

以上文字来源于：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/rhel6-1940776.html

[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
rh rhel-server-supplementary-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@localhost opt]# mount -o loop rhel-server-supplementary-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
[root@localhost opt]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# find . -name kmod-oracleasm*
[root@localhost mnt]#

rhel-server-supplementary光盘中找不到kmod-oracleasm包。

下面是Oracle对在Oracle Linux 6上使用ASMLib的说明：

Oracle ASMLib Downloads for Oracle Linux 6

Note: All ASMLib installations require the oracleasmlib and oracleasm-support packages appropriate for their machine.

The oracleasm-support package can be downloaded from the Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) if you have an active support subscription, or from http://public-yum.oracle.com if you do not.

The oracleasm kernel driver is built into the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux 6 and does not need to be installed manually.

The oracleasm kernel driver for the 64-bit (x86_64) Red Hat Compatible Kernel for Oracle Linux 6 can be installed manually from ULN or http://public-yum.oracle.com using the yum tool:

# yum install kmod-oracleasm

This kernel driver is not version-specific and does not need to be upgraded when the kernel is upgraded.

如果使用的是Oracle Linux的uek内核，oracleasm已经被编译到了内核中，如果使用的是和Red Hat兼容的内核，那么需要手动安装kmod-oracleasm包。

以上文字来源于：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html

下载oracle提供的yum配置文件，从Oracle服务器上安装kmod-oracleasm文件：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
rhel-source.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
--2014-03-25 22:43:05-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 2.16.54.48, 2.16.54.96
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|2.16.54.48|:80... failed: Connection reset by peer.
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|2.16.54.96|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4233 (4.1K) [text/plain]
Saving to: “public-yum-ol6.repo”

100%[===================================================================================================>] 4,233 --.-K/s in 0s

2014-03-25 22:43:07 (190 MB/s) - “public-yum-ol6.repo” saved [4233/4233]

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install kmod-oracleasm
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
ol6_UEK_latest | 1.2 kB 00:00
ol6_UEK_latest/primary | 13 MB 03:26
ol6_UEK_latest 281/281
ol6_latest | 1.4 kB 00:00
ol6_latest/primary | 36 MB 15:39
ol6_latest 24977/24977
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--&gt Running transaction check
---&gt Package kmod-oracleasm.x86_64 0:2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 will be installed
--&gt Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kmod-oracleasm x86_64 2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 ol6_latest 34 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 34 k
Installed size: 115 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 34 kB 00:00
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle

GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle

参考http://public-yum.oracle.com/页面，在Red Hat Linux Server 6上执行下面的wget命令：

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 -O /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
--2014-03-25 23:06:00-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 46.33.75.121, 46.33.75.138
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|46.33.75.121|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1011 [text/plain]
Saving to: “/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle”

100%[===================================================================================================>] 1,011 --.-K/s in 0s
2014-03-25 23:06:01 (27.6 MB/s) - “/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle” saved [1011/1011]

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install kmod-oracleasm
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--&gt Running transaction check
---&gt Package kmod-oracleasm.x86_64 0:2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 will be installed
--&gt Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kmod-oracleasm x86_64 2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 ol6_latest 34 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)

Total size: 34 k
Installed size: 115 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03:
Userid: "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) "
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64 1/1
mylocalnet/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00 ...
Verifying : kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64 1/1

Installed:
kmod-oracleasm.x86_64 0:2.0.6.rh1-2.el6

Complete!

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rh rhel-server-supplementary-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [ 50%]
2:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]

至此在Red Hat Linux Server 6.4 x86_64bit上成功安装了kmod-oracleasm oracleasm-support oracleasmlib 3个包。

下面是ASMLib的配置和使用实验：

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000f1993

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 679 5242880 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 679 6528 46980096 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x15fd0887.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1044, default 1044):
Using default value 1044

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: yes
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "VOL1" as an ASM disk: [FAILED]

跟踪/var/log/messages可以发现有如下的报错：
......
Mar 25 15:34:47 localhost kernel: type=1400 audit(1395732887.792:22623): avc: denied { associate } for pid=2044 comm="oracleasm-insta" name="VOL1" scontext=unconfined_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 tcontext=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 tclass=filesystem

可以大致看出这个错误根操作系统的内核有关系。

由此在Red Hat Linux Server 6上安装、使用ASMLib失败！

通过这个实验并不能确切的说在Red Hat Linux Server 6上不能使用ASMLib，或许通过更换内核，或购买正版Linux从Redhat更新kmod-oracleasm可以正常的使用ASMLib，但这未免也太过于折腾了吧，使用udev将块设备转换为字符设备来直接使用就挺好！

--end--

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/23135684/viewspace-1129552/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/23135684/viewspace-1129552/