Oracle11g R2 RAC安装

   安装环境如下：VMWARE软件：VMSERVER 2.0.2

操作系统： Redhat Enterprise Linux AS 5.4 x86-64

每个机器分配2G的内存（没有2G的内存，建议就不要安装11g R2 rac了），12G的磁盘空间（11G安装操作系统和ORACLE,1G用作SWAP空间）。

折腾了2天终于搞好了，发现11g R2 RAC远高于10g，比如启动ASM的实例，系统强制要求memory_target最少是256M！

启动dbconsole后，发现机器已经非常慢了，系统的load >20，经过观察应该主要还是笔记本的磁盘IO太慢了，WAIT的cpu几乎到50%，导致CPU很忙！

安装过程网上有大把安装文档就不详细写了，不过我这里配置了GNS（网格命名服务），使用SCAN来管理群集的LISTENER，这样以后添加或删除节点的时候

客户端不用修改连接串，只要写一个GNS-NAME就可以连接到任何一个节点上面。

遇到了如下的问题：

1、操作系统空间不够使用

       给系统12G的空间是肯定没法安装下11gR2的GRID INFRA和DB SOFTWARE的，我们可以计算下空间需求：

      操作系统需要3G

     SWAP空间需要1G

     GRID INFRA软件需要3.5G

     DB SOFT需要4.5G

     以上合计：12G

  由于我系统分区如下

/dev/sda1   11G挂接到 /分区下

/dev/sda2    1G挂接到 swap下面

后来在VMWARE中把磁盘扩大到15G，但是要把这多出的3G空间分配给/，这个就很麻烦了，因为我没有使用LVM来管理系统文件，

因此需要通过安装盘boot到linux rescue模式，把根分区和SWAP分区都 umount下来，然后删除swap分区和根分区，再创建新的分区，

/dev/sda1  14G  根分区

/dev/sda2  1G    swap

然后再使用resize2fs把根分区resize到14G。

这样搞有个好处就是不用重新安装操作系统，文件系统就完成扩展了。

 

2、GNS配置错误，导致GRID INFRA安装后的root.sh运行出错

      root.sh运行到最后提示如下错误：

Preparing packages for installation...
cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... failed
Updating inventory properties for clusterware
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

结果检查发现由于如下错误，导致VIP不能启动

2010-06-01 15:01:36: output for start nodeapps is  PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip CRS-5015: Agent timed out waiting for a response from the DHCP server CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on 'node1-11gr2-rac' failed CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on that would satisfy its placement policy
2010-06-01 15:01:36: output of startnodeapp after removing already started mesgs is PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip CRS-5015: Agent timed out waiting for a response from the DHCP server CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on 'node1-11gr2-rac' failed CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on that would satisfy its placement policy
2010-06-01 15:01:36: /u01/grid/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n node1-11gr2-rac ... failed

2010-06-01 15:01:36: /u01/grid/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n node1-11gr2-rac ... failed
2010-06-01 15:01:36: Install cvuqdisk rpm on Linux...
2010-06-01 15:01:36: New package to install is /u01/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:36: Invoking "/bin/rpm -q cvuqdisk" command
2010-06-01 15:01:36: no existing cvuqdisk found
2010-06-01 15:01:36: removing old rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:36: installing/upgrading new rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:38: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... failed

好像是DHCP服务没有给vip分配到地址导致vip不能启动，唉搞GNS确实比较麻烦，因为需要配置DHCP、DNS等配置，经过检查发现是DNS配置有问题，导致vip不能启动

执行删除配置

节点1运行[root@node1-11gr2-rac install]# /u01/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl -delete -force -verbose

节点2运行[root@node2-11gr2-rac install]# /u01/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -verbose -deconfig -force -lastnode

这时11g R2一个做得比较好的地方，可以删除crs的配置（关键是这个命令删除得很干净，比手工删除更完全），而不用删除软件，就可以重新配置，节省了不少时间。

配置好DNS后，
[root@node1-11gr2-rac bin]# nslookup rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Server:         10.10.10.221
Address:        10.10.10.221#53

Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.213
Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.211
Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.212

[root@node1-11gr2-rac bin]#

再运行root.sh成功！

[root@node2-11gr2-rac ~]# /u01/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.OCRVOTING1.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac          Started            
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac          Started            
ora.eons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      node1-11gr2-rac                             
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.node2-11gr2-rac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.oc4j
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                                                  
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
[root@node2-11gr2-rac ~]#

GNS给scan的3个VIP地址是通过DHCP服务给的，分别是

10.10.10.254

10.10.10.253

10.10.10.252

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