在图形界面程序里使用控制台窗口

Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)

实现功能: 打开控制台窗口、关闭控制台窗口、在控制台窗口里执行DOS命令、清除控制台窗口、光标定位、输出文本、设置文本颜色等。

适用平台: Windows 9x/Me/NT/2000/XP/2003

程序需要自己创建一个 TConsoleWindow 类, 先看看如何使用这个类。
新建工程, 在 Form1 上放 5 个按钮, 分别为: 打开控制台窗口、执行DOS命令、输出文本、在指定位置输出彩色文本、关闭控制台窗口。

首先看看如何使用这个 TConsoleWindow 类:

在 Form 的头文件里 (例如 Unit1.h) 需要增加的内容(蓝色部分是新增内容, 没修改的部分省略):

#include "Unit2.h" //包含控制台窗口类的头文件 class TForm1 : public TForm { private: // User declarations     TConsoleWindow ConWin; //自定义的控制台窗口类 public: // User declarations     __fastcall TForm1(TComponent* Owner); };

在 From 的 .cpp 文件里 (例如 Unit1.cpp), 需要增加的内容(蓝色部分是新增内容):

__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner) : TForm(Owner) { } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::BitBtn1Click(TObject *Sender) {     ConWin.Open(); //打开控制台窗口     ConWin.Caption = "控制台视窗测试程序"; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::BitBtn2Click(TObject *Sender) {     ConWin.Execute("dir"); //在控制台视窗里面执行 DOS 命令 } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::BitBtn3Click(TObject *Sender) {     ConWin.printf("在控制台视窗里面显示文字\n"); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::BitBtn4Click(TObject *Sender) {     ConWin.ClrScr(); //清屏      SMALL_RECT r;     ConWin.GetRect(r);     ConWin.MoveTo((r.Right+r.Left-30)/2, (r.Bottom+r.Top)/2);     ConWin.SetColor(FOREGROUND_GREEN|FOREGROUND_INTENSITY|BACKGROUND_BLUE);     ConWin.printf("屏幕中央显示蓝色背景的绿色文字");     ConWin.MoveTo(r.Left,r.Bottom); //光标移动到左下角     ConWin.SetColor(FOREGROUND_RED|FOREGROUND_GREEN|FOREGROUND_BLUE); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::BitBtn5Click(TObject *Sender) {     ConWin.Close(); //关闭控制台窗口 } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TConsoleWindow 类的实现:

头文件 Unit2.h 的内容:

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------  #ifndef Unit2H #define Unit2H //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include <vcl.h> //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- class TConsoleWindow { public:     TConsoleWindow() { hCon=NULL; }     ~TConsoleWindow() { Close(); }      void Open(void);     void Close(void);     int Execute(AnsiString s);     DWORD printf(const char *f,...);     void MoveTo(short x, short y);     void SetColor(WORD c);     void GetRect(SMALL_RECT &r);     void ClrScr(WORD c=FOREGROUND_RED|FOREGROUND_GREEN|FOREGROUND_BLUE);      __property HANDLE Handle = { read = hCon };     __property AnsiString Caption = { read = fGetCaption, write = fSetCaption };  private:     HANDLE hCon;     AnsiString fGetCaption(void);     void fSetCaption(AnsiString); }; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #endif

Unit2.cpp 的内容:

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #pragma hdrstop #include "Unit2.h" //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #pragma package(smart_init) //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::Open(void) {     if(!hCon)     {         AllocConsole();         hCon = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);     } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::Close(void) {     if(hCon)     {         FreeConsole();         hCon = NULL;     } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- AnsiString TConsoleWindow::fGetCaption(void) {     char s[260];     GetConsoleTitle(s,260);     return AnsiString(s); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::fSetCaption(AnsiString s) {     SetConsoleTitle(s.c_str()); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- DWORD TConsoleWindow::printf(const char *f,...) {     AnsiString s;     va_list argptr;     va_start(argptr, f);     s.vprintf(f, argptr);     va_end(argptr);     DWORD dwWritten=0;     if(WriteConsole(hCon,s.c_str(),s.Length(),&dwWritten,NULL))         return dwWritten;     return 0; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::MoveTo(short x, short y) {     COORD CurPos = {x,y};     SetConsoleCursorPosition(hCon, CurPos); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::SetColor(WORD c) {     SetConsoleTextAttribute(hCon, c); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::GetRect(SMALL_RECT &r) {     CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO ConInfo;     GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hCon, &ConInfo);     r = ConInfo.srWindow; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- int TConsoleWindow::Execute(AnsiString s) {     return system(s.c_str()); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void TConsoleWindow::ClrScr(WORD c) {     DWORD nBytesWrite;     CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO ConInfo;     GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hCon, &ConInfo);     COORD CurPos = { CurPos.X = ConInfo.srWindow.Left, CurPos.Y = ConInfo.srWindow.Top };     FillConsoleOutputAttribute(hCon, c, ConInfo.dwSize.X*ConInfo.dwSize.Y, CurPos, &nBytesWrite);     FillConsoleOutputCharacter(hCon, 0, ConInfo.dwSize.X*ConInfo.dwSize.Y, CurPos, &nBytesWrite); } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------