ORA-06552 ORA-06553

使用plsql时报出：ORA-06552 ORA-06553

定位：字符集问题。

确认字符集是否修改的不彻底：

SELECT DISTINCT (NLS_CHARSET_NAME(CHARSETID)) CHARACTERSET, DECODE(TYPE#, 1, DECODE(CHARSETFORM, 1, 'VARCHAR2', 2, 'NVARCHAR2', 'UNKOWN'), 9, DECODE(CHARSETFORM, 1, 'VARCHAR', 2, 'NCHAR VARYING', 'UNKOWN'), 96, DECODE(CHARSETFORM, 1, 'CHAR', 2, 'NCHAR', 'UNKOWN'), 112, DECODE(CHARSETFORM, 1, 'CLOB', 2, 'NCLOB', 'UNKOWN')) TYPES_USED_IN FROM SYS.COL$ WHERE CHARSETFORM IN (1, 2) AND TYPE# IN (1, 9, 96, 112);

如果上面的查询的确显示有多个字符集，则进行如下处理

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

COL VALUE NEW_VALUE CHARSET
SELECT VALUE FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
COL VALUE NEW_VALUE NCHARSET
SELECT VALUE FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER='NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET';


ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE &CHARSET;
ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE &NCHARSET;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;
再次启动数据库一遍
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;

问题得到了解决。
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其中可能会出现的问题：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE national CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE national CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12714: ??????????

---------

解决办法：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
   
2. 
   
3. Database altered.

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其中可能会出现的问题：ORA-01219

解决办法：

ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

----------------------------

SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area   73701404 bytes
Fixed Size                    75804 bytes
Variable Size              56770560 bytes
Database Buffers           16777216 bytes
Redo Buffers                  77824 bytes
ORA-01102: ??? EXCLUSIVE ????????

解决办法：停止没有用的或者异常的实例。

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SQL> startup 

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters 

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl10g.ora'

解决办法：

cp /***/pfile/init.ora.0212012125517  //app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl10g.ora