使用RMAN在线创建DataGuard备用库（数据文件不同路径结构）

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-10 12:39:40 发布

cps9988

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-10 12:39:40 发布

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文章标签：数据库网络操作系统

环境描述

本文讨论的内容建立在两台redhat5.3 X86_64服务器上，数据库版本为oracle 10.2.0.4。

两个节点都安装了Oracle Database Server,并在主库服务器上创建完DB_NAME=gridctl的数据库，备库服务器只安装了数据库软件，没有创建数据库实例，具体的操作系统版本和数据库版本如下：

#uname -a

Linux standbydb 2.6.18-128.el5 #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 11:41:38 EST 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

[@more@]

主库Primary db server:

hostname: primarydb

ip: 168.10.13.192

sid: gridctl

datafile directory: /oradata/gridctl/

备库Standby db server:

hostname:standbydb

ip: 168.10.13.193

sid: newgridctl

Datafile directory:/oradata/newgridctl/

Two nodes:

#more /etc/hosts

168.10.13.192 primarydb

168.10.13.193 standbydb

DB_NAME=gridctl

ORACLE_HOME:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Archivelog_dest:/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc

Standby_archivelog_dest:/oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc

准备工作

准备工作主要包括主、备数据库的相关配置文件（SPFILE,LISTENER.ORA,TNSNAMES.ORA，ORAPW$ORACLE_SID)的创建或者配置；相关dump文件路径和数据文件路径的创建；主库rman全库备份集生成和standby controlfile生成。

2.1 配置主库服务器的spfile,备库服务器的spfile

如果主库与备库的数据文件,redo文件的路径不相同,需要在备库服务器上设置下面三个参数:

*.db_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/'

*.log_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/'

*.standby_file_management=AUTO

SQL>alter system set db_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/' scope=spfile;

SQL>alter system set log_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/' scope=spfile;

SQL>alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=spfile;

[oracle@standbydb dbs]$ more initnewgridctl.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/newgridctl/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/newgridctl/bdump'

*.control_files='/oradata/newgridctl/newstd_control.dbf'

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/newgridctl/cdump'

*.db_create_file_dest='/oradata/newgridctl'

*.db_name='gridctl'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc'

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=standby mandatory reopen=60'

*.standby_archive_dest='/oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/newgridctl/udump'

。。。。。。

*.db_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/'

*.log_file_name_convert='/oradata/gridctl/','/oradata/newgridctl/'

*.standby_file_management=AUTO

。。。。。。

2.2 配置主库服务器、备库服务器的tnsnames.ora,listener.ora

两个节点的tnsnames.ora的内容都包含下面的内容:

[oracle@ admin]$ more tnsnames.ora

PRIMARY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)

)

NEWSTANDBY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = newgridctl)

)

两个节点的listener.ora的内容都包括下面的内容:

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ more listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = gridctl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = gridctl)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb)(PORT = 1521))

)

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ more listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME =newgridctl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = newgridctl)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb)(PORT = 1521))

)

2.1，2.2的内容请参看我的博客文章"Step Configure DataGuard (10g) Physical Standby Database On Linux X86_64(1/2)",网址为:http://djb1008.itpub.net/post/42280/504822

2.3 在备库上创建相关数据文件路径,dump路径,将备库启动到nomount状态

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

newgridctl

创建实例newgridctl的dump文件存放所需目录

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ cd /oracle/admin

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ mkdir newgridctl

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ cd newgridctl

[oracle@standbydb newgridctl]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump udump

创建备库服务器的数据库数据文件存放目录

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ cd /oradata

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ mkdir newgridctl

启动备库服务器的数据库到nomount状态

[oracle@standbydb newgridctl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2089472 bytes

Variable Size 545263104 bytes

Database Buffers 524288000 bytes

Redo Buffers 2101248 bytes

2.4 在主库使用RMAN 创建一个数据库备份集

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> run{

allocate channel d1 type disk;

backup full database format '/oradata/db_%U.bak'

plus archivelog format '/oradata/arc_%U.bak';

Sql 'alter system archive log current';

release channel d1;}

Starting backup at 07-SEP-10

input archive log thread=1 sequence=207 recid=1 stamp=728673992

。。。。。。

input archive log thread=1 sequence=243 recid=59 stamp=729080164

。。。。。。

channel d1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=/oradata/gridctl/system01.dbf

。。。。。。

input datafile fno=00006 name=/oradata/gridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

piece handle=/oradata/db_0aln9qqi_1_1.bak tag=TAG20100907T105819 comment=NONE

channel d1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

。。。。。。

released channel: d1

2.5 使用rman的copy命令创建一个standby control file

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> copy current controlfile for standby to '/oradata/newstd_control.ctl';

。。。。。。

output filename=/oradata/newstd_control.ctl tag=TAG20100907T105116 recid=2 stamp=729082276

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 07-SEP-10

2.6 将主库服务器的备份集文件，standby control file通过ftp复制到备库服务器。

Ftp 完成后的结果如下：

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ ls -lt

total 1812612

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6930432 Sep 7 11:03 newstd_control.ctl

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 7012352 Sep 7 11:03 db_0aln9qqi_1_1.bak

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 581025792 Sep 7 11:02 db_09ln9qqb_1_1.bak

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 629637120 Sep 7 11:02 db_04ln9q5l_1_1.bak

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 629637120 Sep 7 11:02 arc_08ln9qpr_1_1.bak

执行DUPLICATE命令，创建一个不同目录结构的standby db

3.1 在主库上执行DUPLICATE命令前的确认工作

在这里再次申明一下，执行duplicate操作前，需要检查几点内容，如下所述：

Oracle在duplcate操作时有点奇怪,怪在那里呢?

1).要在主库上执行rman的登录操作,并且auxiliary连接到备库.

$rman target / auxiliary sys/pwdofsys@standby

2).要在主库的rman环境里执行duplicate 命令.

RMAN>run{duplicate target database for standby;}

3). rman的备份集文件需要拷贝到备机的相同目录(不使用主库服务器的备份集文件)

4).文件名称或者文件路径的修改,需要在备库上设置三个convert参数,主库不需要设置这些参数。

以上的这4怪，恰恰是rman创建standby db的4个陷阱，跳过这四个陷阱，duplicate就顺很多。

3.2 在主库上执行DUPLICATE命令，完成备库的创建工作

下面就开始执行DUPLICATE命令，进行备库的创建工作。

[oracle@primarydb oradata]$ rman target / auxiliary sys/aidu2010@newstandby

connected to target database: GRIDCTL (DBID=3373887875)

connected to auxiliary database: GRIDCTL (not mounted)

RMAN> run{

2> duplicate target database for standby;

3> }

Starting Duplicate Db at 07-SEP-10

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=430 devtype=DISK

contents of Memory Script:

{

restore clone standby controlfile;

sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';

}

executing Memory Script

Starting restore at 07-SEP-10

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy

input filename=/oradata/newstd_control.ctl

output filename=/oradata/newgridctl/newstd_control.ctl

Finished restore at 07-SEP-10

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

contents of Memory Script:

{

set newname for tempfile 1 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/temp01.dbf";

switch clone tempfile all;

set newname for datafile 1 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/system01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 2 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/undotbs01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 3 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/sysaux01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 4 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/users01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 5 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/mgmt.dbf";

set newname for datafile 6 to

"/oradata/newgridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf";

restore

check readonly

clone database

;

}

executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed temporary file 1 to /oradata/newgridctl/temp01.dbf in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 07-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=430 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /oradata/newgridctl/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00002 to /oradata/newgridctl/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /oradata/newgridctl/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /oradata/newgridctl/users01.dbf

restoring datafile 00005 to /oradata/newgridctl/mgmt.dbf

restoring datafile 00006 to /oradata/newgridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oradata/db_0dlnaesf_1_1.bak

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/oradata/db_0dlnaesf_1_1.bak tag=TAG20100907T164047

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

Finished restore at 07-SEP-10

contents of Memory Script:

{

switch clone datafile all;

}

executing Memory Script

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=12 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/system01.dbf

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=13 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=14 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=15 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/users01.dbf

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=16 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/mgmt.dbf

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=17 stamp=729106481 filename=/oradata/newgridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

Finished Duplicate Db at 07-SEP-10

注意： duplicate命令是在主库上运行的，而备份集介质需要从备库的相同目录（/oradata)取。

3.3 检查备库数据库的状态和角色

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

---------- ----------------

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY

3.4 在备库服务器上执行日志文件的介质恢复，与主库的运行状态同步。

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

SQL>!

[oracle@standbydb ~]$tail -f alert_newgridctl.log

Wed Sep 8 08:07:07 2010

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc1_254_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc1_255_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc1_256_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc1_257_724504451.dbf

Identified End-Of-Redo for thread 1 sequence 257

Wed Sep 8 08:07:07 2010

Media Recovery End-Of-Redo indicator encountered

Wed Sep 8 08:07:07 2010

Media Recovery Applied until change 9886776

Wed Sep 8 08:07:07 2010

MRP0: Media Recovery Complete: End-Of-REDO (newgridctl)

Resetting standby activation ID 3378482509 (0xc95f8d4d)

Wed Sep 8 08:07:08 2010

MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (newgridctl)

3.5 主、备库归档日志切换与应用

主库先进行日志切换

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

备库的alert日志的应用情况：

[oracle@standbydb bdump]$ tail -f alert_newgridctl.log

Thu Sep 9 10:04:41 2010

RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc/1_267_724504451.dbf'

Thu Sep 9 10:04:45 2010

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc/1_267_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 268

查询备库数据库中的日志应用的情况：

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_TIME APP

---------- --------- --------- ---

267 09-SEP-10 09-SEP-10 YES

1 rows selected.

到此已经使用rman在线（主库数据库没有停机，也不需要停机）创建了一个备库，并且实现了与主库的同步。本文对主备库的切换不做描述，主备库的切换操作请参看我的另外一遍文章“Step By Step Configure DataGuard (10g) Physical Standby Database On Linux X86_64(2/2) ”，网址为：http://djb1008.itpub.net/post/42280/504948

注：本文针对的是主备库数据文件不同目录结构，需要设置convert参数；如果主备库的数据文件的目录结构相同，则跳过2.1节的设置convert等参数的环节，其它的照旧执行就可以了。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/32980/viewspace-1038109/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/32980/viewspace-1038109/

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使用RMAN在线创建DataGuard备用库（数据文件不同路径结构）

环境描述本文讨论的内容建立在两台redhat5.3 X86_64服务器上，数据库版本为oracle 10.2.0.4。两个节点都安装了Oracle Database Server,并在主库服务器上创建完DB_NAME=gridc...
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